Bartley Emily J, Rhudy Jamie L
Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA.
J Pain. 2008 May;9(5):388-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.11.015. Epub 2008 Jan 28.
Pain catastrophizing is associated with enhanced pain and pain-related outcomes. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying the catastrophizing-pain relationship are poorly understood. Given evidence suggesting significant relationships among catastrophizing, emotion, and pain, it is possible that catastrophizing may alter nociception and pain through affective processes. Research has shown that emotionally charged pictures (erotica, neutral, threat/attack scenes) manipulate emotional valence (positive affect vs negative affect) and modulate physiological and subjective nociceptive reactions (pleasure-induced inhibition, displeasure-induced facilitation). Using this methodology, the present study addressed 2 questions: (1) Does pain catastrophizing moderate affective reactions to standard emotional stimuli (eg, augmented negative affect)? and (2) Does pain catastrophizing moderate the relationship between emotion and nociception (eg, augmented displeasure-induced facilitation)? Erotic, neutral, and attack pictures were presented to 53 participants who rated their emotional responses. During pictures, noxious electric stimulations were delivered to evoke nociceptive reactions (nociceptive flexion reflex, skin conductance response, heart rate acceleration, subjective pain). Results suggest that pain catastrophizing did not moderate emotional reactions to standardized picture stimuli, nor did catastrophizing moderate the influence of emotion on nociceptive reactions. This suggests that catastrophizing does not influence pain indirectly through emotional processes.
Pain catastrophizing is commonly associated with negative emotions and maladaptive responses to pain. The current study provides evidence indicating catastrophizing does not alter pain and nociception indirectly via emotional processes.
疼痛灾难化与疼痛加剧及疼痛相关结果有关。遗憾的是，灾难化与疼痛之间关系的潜在机制尚不清楚。鉴于有证据表明灾难化、情绪和疼痛之间存在显著关系，灾难化有可能通过情感过程改变伤害感受和疼痛。研究表明，带有情感色彩的图片（色情、中性、威胁/攻击场景）可操纵情感效价（积极情感与消极情感）并调节生理和主观伤害感受反应（愉悦诱导抑制、不悦诱导促进）。本研究采用这种方法解决了两个问题：（1）疼痛灾难化是否会调节对标准情绪刺激的情感反应（如增强消极情感）？以及（2）疼痛灾难化是否会调节情绪与伤害感受之间的关系（如增强不悦诱导促进）？向53名参与者展示色情、中性和攻击图片，并让他们对自己的情感反应进行评分。在展示图片期间，施加有害电刺激以引发伤害感受反应（伤害感受性屈曲反射、皮肤电导反应、心率加速、主观疼痛）。结果表明，疼痛灾难化并未调节对标准化图片刺激的情感反应，灾难化也未调节情绪对伤害感受反应的影响。这表明灾难化不会通过情感过程间接影响疼痛。
疼痛灾难化通常与负面情绪及对疼痛的适应不良反应相关。当前研究提供的证据表明，灾难化不会通过情感过程间接改变疼痛和伤害感受。
