Kolb B, Gibb R
Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
Cereb Cortex. 1991 Mar-Apr;1(2):189-98. doi: 10.1093/cercor/1.2.189.
Rats with large unilateral or bilateral frontal cortical lesions were placed in either isolated or enriched housing conditions for 90 d and then were compared behaviorally and neuroanatomically to control rats. The frontal lesions reduced chronic body weight, produced impairments in claw cutting, food hoarding, tongue extension, and spatial navigation in the Morris water task, and increased running wheel activity. Enriched rearing attenuated many of the behavioral changes, but with the exception of tongue extension and spatial navigation, it had similar effects in both normal and brain-injured animals. Analysis of the brains showed that enrichment increased brain weight and dendritic branching in visual cortex similarly in normal and brain-injured rats. In contrast, however, enrichment affected parietal neurons in normal but not in brain-damaged animals. Instead, the frontal operates showed an increase in parietal branching irrespective of the rearing condition, which implies that the lesion itself may have led to some form of reactive synaptogenesis that subsequently precluded environmental effects.
对患有大面积单侧或双侧额叶皮质损伤的大鼠，分别置于隔离或丰富的饲养环境中90天，然后在行为和神经解剖学方面与对照大鼠进行比较。额叶损伤导致慢性体重减轻，在爪子修剪、食物贮藏、伸舌以及莫里斯水迷宫任务中的空间导航方面产生障碍，并增加了转轮活动。丰富饲养减弱了许多行为变化，但除了伸舌和空间导航外，在正常和脑损伤动物中具有相似的效果。对大脑的分析表明，丰富饲养使正常和脑损伤大鼠视觉皮层的脑重量和树突分支增加。然而，相比之下，丰富饲养对正常动物的顶叶神经元有影响，而对脑损伤动物则没有。相反，无论饲养条件如何，额叶损伤组的顶叶分支都有所增加，这意味着损伤本身可能导致了某种形式的反应性突触形成，随后排除了环境影响。
