Welch Stacy Shaw, Linehan Marsha M, Sylvers Patrick, Chittams Jesse, Rizvi Shireen L
Evidence Based Treatment Centers of Seattle, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008 Feb;76(1):45-51. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.76.1.45.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SAs) are especially prevalent in borderline personality disorder. One proposed mechanism for the maintenance of NSSI and SAs is escape conditioning, whereby immediate reductions in aversive emotional states negatively reinforce the behaviors. Psychophysiological and subjective indicators of negative emotion associated with NSSI and SA imagery were examined in 42 individuals who met criteria for border personality disorder. Personally relevant imagery scripts that involved an NSSI and/or an SA incident were created, as were control scenes involving imagery of an accidental injury, an accidental death, or an emotionally neutral event. Results did not support the hypothesis that decreases in negative emotion would occur during NSSI imagery; however, decreases were found during imagery of the moments after NSSI, which suggests some support for escape conditioning. Support for the model was not found for SAs. Possible implications of patterns that demonstrate decreases in negative emotion during accidental death imagery are discussed.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）和自杀未遂（SA）在边缘型人格障碍中尤为普遍。一种关于维持NSSI和SA的机制被提出，即逃避条件作用，由此厌恶情绪状态的立即减轻会对这些行为产生负强化作用。在42名符合边缘型人格障碍标准的个体中，研究了与NSSI和SA意象相关的负面情绪的心理生理和主观指标。创建了涉及NSSI和/或SA事件的个人相关意象脚本，以及涉及意外伤害、意外死亡或情绪中性事件意象的对照场景。结果不支持在NSSI意象期间负面情绪会减少的假设；然而，在NSSI之后的时刻的意象期间发现了负面情绪的减少，这表明对逃避条件作用有一定支持。对于SA，未发现对该模型的支持。讨论了在意外死亡意象期间负面情绪减少模式的可能影响。
