Miller Andrew T, Chamberlain Philip P, Cooke Michael P
The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
Cell Cycle. 2008 Feb 15;7(4):463-7. doi: 10.4161/cc.7.4.5518. Epub 2008 Jan 3.
Nearly 25 years ago the first function of an inositol phosphate, namely Ins(1,4,5)P3, was reported to act as a "second messenger" to mobilize calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Since this discovery, many other inositol phosphates and the kinases and phosphatases that generate these inositol phosphates have subsequently been discovered. However, the function of these "higher order" inositol phosphates in biological processes, if any, has remained a mystery. Interest in higher order inositol phosphates, such as Ins(1,3,4,5)P4, was renewed this year following reports of novel roles for these molecules in distinct processes within the immune system ranging from T cell development, B cell development and tolerance induction, as well as neutrophil and mast cell function. In this review, we will touch upon recent advances in inositol phosphate function in mammalian cells. More specifically, we will highlight new studies that have identified novel functions for specific higher order inositol phosphates, such as Ins(1,3,4,5)P4, in the immune system.
近25年前，首次报道肌醇磷酸的一种功能，即肌醇三磷酸（Ins(1,4,5)P3），可作为“第二信使”从内质网（ER）中动员钙。自这一发现以来，许多其他肌醇磷酸以及产生这些肌醇磷酸的激酶和磷酸酶随后被发现。然而，这些“高阶”肌醇磷酸在生物过程中的功能（如果有的话）仍然是个谜。今年，随着这些分子在免疫系统不同过程中发挥新作用的报道，人们对高阶肌醇磷酸（如肌醇四磷酸（Ins(1,3,4,5)P4））的兴趣再度燃起，这些过程包括T细胞发育、B细胞发育和耐受性诱导，以及中性粒细胞和肥大细胞功能。在这篇综述中，我们将探讨肌醇磷酸在哺乳动物细胞中功能的最新进展。更具体地说，我们将重点介绍一些新研究，这些研究确定了特定高阶肌醇磷酸（如Ins(1,3,4,5)P4）在免疫系统中的新功能。
