Hofmann Tanja, Schmucker Sonja, Sommerfeld Vera, Huber Korinna, Rodehutscord Markus, Stefanski Volker
Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Jan 8;11(1):129. doi: 10.3390/ani11010129.
Insufficient nutrient supply can impair the immune system, which is important for animal health and welfare. Since chicken can partly hydrolyze phytate, which is the primary phosphorus storage in plant seeds, a reduction of mineral phosphorus in the diets could be an option for more sustainable egg production. Laying hens require high concentrations of calcium that might inhibit the function of endogenous enzymes for phytate hydrolyzation. The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of standard and reduced dietary phosphorus and calcium concentrations on the number and functionality of immune cells in the peripheral and gut-associated immune system in a white and brown laying hen strain. Reduced mineral phosphorus enhanced several immune parameters such as B cells in blood and IgA concentrations in bile in both strains, and peripheral monocytes and γδ T cells in cecal tonsils in brown hens. Reduced calcium levels resulted in lower numbers of T cells in blood and cecal tonsils in both strains, suggesting negative effects on adaptive immunity. Differences between the two strains were found in almost all immune parameters. Results suggest a potentially beneficial effect of reduced dietary mineral phosphorus on the immune system that is dependent on the genetic background.
营养供应不足会损害免疫系统，而免疫系统对动物的健康和福祉至关重要。由于鸡能够部分水解植酸盐（植物种子中磷的主要储存形式），因此减少日粮中的无机磷可能是实现更可持续蛋生产的一种选择。产蛋母鸡需要高浓度的钙，而这可能会抑制植酸水解内源性酶的功能。本研究的目的是表征标准和降低的日粮磷和钙浓度对白色和棕色产蛋鸡品系外周和肠道相关免疫系统中免疫细胞数量和功能的影响。降低无机磷增强了两个品系的多种免疫参数，如血液中的B细胞和胆汁中的IgA浓度，以及棕色母鸡盲肠扁桃体中的外周单核细胞和γδ T细胞。降低钙水平导致两个品系血液和盲肠扁桃体中的T细胞数量减少，表明对适应性免疫有负面影响。在几乎所有免疫参数中都发现了两个品系之间的差异。结果表明，日粮中无机磷减少对免疫系统有潜在的有益影响，且这种影响取决于遗传背景。
