Livingston R B
Cancer Treat Rep. 1976 Jun;60(6):757-760.
BCNU, CCNU, and methyl-CCNU have undergone extensive trial in multiple drug combinations for bronchogenic carcinoma. The addition of a nitrosourea appears to be an improvement over cyclophosphamide used alone in oat cell carcinoma and over the two drug combination of cyclophosphamide and methotrexate in both adenocarcinoma of the lung and oat cell disease. Encouraging response rates have been seen in squamous lung cancer with multiple-drug combinations of a nitrosourea, an alkylating agent, vincristine, and bleomycin with or without adriamycin. The nitrosoureas have been easily incorporated, at reduced doses, into multiple-drug regimens with cumulative myelosuppression seen only when the interval between nitrosourea doses is less than 6 weeks. Conclusions about the ultimate role of these compounds in lunb cancer treatment must await (a) comparative trials of combinations with and without a nitrosourea, and (b) further exploration of new approaches to increase their therapeutic index.
卡莫司汀、洛莫司汀和司莫司汀已在用于支气管癌的多种联合用药方案中进行了广泛试验。在燕麦细胞癌中，添加亚硝基脲似乎比单独使用环磷酰胺有所改进；在肺腺癌和燕麦细胞癌中，添加亚硝基脲比环磷酰胺与甲氨蝶呤的两药联合方案有所改进。在鳞状肺癌中，使用亚硝基脲、烷化剂、长春新碱和博来霉素（加或不加阿霉素）的多药联合方案已观察到令人鼓舞的缓解率。亚硝基脲已很容易以较低剂量纳入多药治疗方案，只有当亚硝基脲剂量间隔小于6周时才会出现累积性骨髓抑制。关于这些化合物在肺癌治疗中的最终作用的结论，必须等待（a）含和不含亚硝基脲的联合方案的对比试验，以及（b）进一步探索提高其治疗指数的新方法。
