Abolnik I, Lossos I S, Breuer R
Pulmonary Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Chest. 1991 Jul;100(1):93-5. doi: 10.1378/chest.100.1.93.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a relatively uncommon, infrequently reported entity. To determine the clinical presentation and sequelae of SPM, data were obtained from 25 patients: 14 from Hadassah University Hospital, and 11 from other medical institutions. The mean age was 18.8 +/- 5.2 years (+/- SD), with a range of 8 to 31 years. The most common presenting complaint was retrosternal pain in 22 patients (88 percent), dyspnea in 15 (60 percent), dysphagia in 10 (40 percent), and weakness in 10 (40 percent). Predisposing factors for the development of SPM could be identified in 18 patients (72 percent). Information on the sequelae of SPM during a mean period of 87.4 +/- 38.0 months following the initial SPM episode was obtained from 23 patients. Recurrent SPM occurred in 1 patient at 18 months, and another patient experienced 4 episodes of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax. No other long-term sequelae were reported. We conclude that SPM is a benign self-limited disease with diverse clinical manifestations. Although uncommon, recurrences of SPM may be observed.
自发性纵隔气肿（SPM）是一种相对罕见、报道较少的病症。为了确定SPM的临床表现和后遗症，我们收集了25例患者的数据：14例来自哈达萨大学医院，11例来自其他医疗机构。平均年龄为18.8±5.2岁（±标准差），范围为8至31岁。最常见的主诉是22例患者（88%）出现胸骨后疼痛，15例（60%）出现呼吸困难，10例（40%）出现吞咽困难，10例（40%）出现乏力。18例患者（72%）可确定SPM发生的诱发因素。在最初的SPM发作后的平均87.4±38.0个月期间，从23例患者中获取了有关SPM后遗症的信息。1例患者在18个月时出现复发性SPM，另1例患者经历了4次复发性自发性气胸发作。未报告其他长期后遗症。我们得出结论，SPM是一种具有多种临床表现的良性自限性疾病。虽然罕见，但可能会观察到SPM复发。
