Fuentes-Afflick Elena, Hessol Nancy A
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94110, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2008 Jan-Feb;17(1):67-73. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2007.0389.
Acculturation is associated with an elevated risk of obesity among older Latinos, but the relationship between acculturation and body mass among childbearing Latina women has not been adequately studied.
We analyzed data from 313 pregnant Latina women at San Francisco General Hospital. The dependent variable was prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), categorized as underweight (<18.5), normal (18.5-24.9, reference), overweight (25-29.9), or obese (>or=30). The independent variables were acculturation metrics, measured by acculturation index score, degree of Americanization, national origin subgroup, and the number of years residing in the United States.
One third of women were overweight, and one fifth were obese. Education (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81-0.96) was inversely associated with overweight, after adjusting for confounding variables. Longer residence in the United States (OR 1.08 for each additional year residing in the United States, 95% CI 1.02-1.15), older age (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.16), and higher gravidity, the total number of pregnancies (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.09-1.84), were significantly associated with obesity.
One measure of acculturation, length of time residing in the United States, was associated with obesity among childbearing Latina women. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Latina women should not target recent immigrants but instead focus on long-term immigrants as well as women who are older and have low educational attainment and high gravidity.
文化适应与老年拉丁裔人群肥胖风险升高有关，但文化适应与育龄拉丁裔女性体重之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。
我们分析了旧金山总医院313名怀孕拉丁裔女性的数据。因变量是孕前体重指数（BMI），分为体重过轻（<18.5）、正常（18.5 - 24.9，参照组）、超重（25 - 29.9）或肥胖（≥30）。自变量是文化适应指标，通过文化适应指数得分、美国化程度、原籍国亚组以及在美国居住的年数来衡量。
三分之一的女性超重，五分之一的女性肥胖。在调整混杂变量后，教育程度（比值比[OR] 0.88，95%置信区间[CI] 0.81 - 0.96）与超重呈负相关。在美国居住时间越长（在美国每多居住一年，OR为1.08，95% CI 1.02 - 1.15）、年龄越大（OR 1.08，95% CI 1.01 - 1.16）以及更高的孕次，即怀孕总数（OR 1.41，95% CI 1.09 - 1.84），均与肥胖显著相关。
文化适应的一个衡量指标，即在美国居住的时间长度，与育龄拉丁裔女性肥胖有关。降低拉丁裔女性超重和肥胖患病率的努力不应针对新移民，而应关注长期移民以及年龄较大、教育程度低且孕次高的女性。
