Spinal neurons activated in response to pudendal or pelvic nerve stimulation in female rats.

The overlapping distribution of spinal neurons activated with either pudendal sensory nerve or pelvic nerve stimulation was examined in the female rat using c-fos immunohistochemistry. Pudendal sensory nerve stimulation resulted in a significant increase in fos-positive cells in the ipsilateral dorsal horn and bilaterally in the medial, lateral and intermediate gray of L5-S1. Pelvic nerve stimulation resulted in significant increases of c-fos immunoreactive nuclei in the ipsilateral dorsal horn, lateral and intermediate gray and bilaterally in the medial gray of L5-S1. Co-distribution of fos immunoreactive nuclei with the vesicular glutamate transporters (VGlut2 and VGlut3) and neurokinin I receptors were found in distinct regions of the dorsal horn, medial and lateral gray. Specific areas in the medial dorsal horn, dorsal gray commissure, laminae VI and X and dorsal lateral gray were activated after stimulation of the pudendal sensory and pelvic nerves, suggesting these areas contain spinal neurons that receive both somatomotor and visceral inputs and are part of the intraspinal circuit that regulates sexual and voiding function.