Eggert-Kruse Waltraud, Reuland Mirjam, Johannsen Wiebe, Strowitzki Thomas, Schlehofer Jörg R
Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Fertil Steril. 2009 Jan;91(1):67-82. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.11.014. Epub 2008 Feb 20.
To screen for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in male and female partners of subfertile couples and to analyze a potential relationship with clinically relevant parameters of male and female factor fertility.
Prospective study.
Outpatient infertility clinic of a university-based hospital.
PATIENT(S): Randomly selected male and female partners of asymptomatic subfertile couples.
INTERVENTION(S): None.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Screening for CMV in the semen of the male partner (using nested polymerase chain reaction) and, at the same time, in the endocervical material of the female partner; same-day CMV serology (anti-CMV IgG and IgM class antibodies [Ab]); medical history and clinical examination; evaluation of semen quality, including sperm functional capacity and detection of antisperm Ab (ASA) and seminal white blood cells (WBC) in aliquots of the same ejaculates; bacterial screening of both partners; and detailed examination of the cervical factor and other variables of female subfertility.
RESULT(S): The presence of CMV in semen was not significantly related to semen quality including sperm functional capacity, local antisperm Ab, or seminal WBC. CMV in endocervical material was not associated with a reduced quality of the cervical mucus or with other female infertility factors. CMV in semen was not associated with the presence of CMV in the endocervical material of the female partners. CMV infection was not significantly associated with other microorganisms of the lower genital tract. CMV serology (IgG and/or IgM Ab) did not sufficiently reflect CMV presence in semen or the cervix.
CONCLUSION(S): CMV presence in the genital tract of subfertile patients is considerable, but findings do not suggest that sexual transmission is a frequent route of infection or that CMV infection is a significant cause of infertility.
筛查不育夫妇男性和女性伴侣中的巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染，并分析其与男性和女性生育因素临床相关参数之间的潜在关系。
前瞻性研究。
一所大学附属医院的门诊不孕不育诊所。
随机选取无症状不育夫妇的男性和女性伴侣。
无。
采用巢式聚合酶链反应筛查男性伴侣精液中的CMV，同时筛查女性伴侣宫颈内材料中的CMV；同日进行CMV血清学检测（抗CMV IgG和IgM类抗体[Ab]）；病史和临床检查；评估精液质量，包括精子功能能力以及检测同一射精样本中的抗精子抗体（ASA）和精液白细胞（WBC）；对双方伴侣进行细菌筛查；详细检查宫颈因素和女性不育的其他变量。
精液中CMV的存在与精液质量（包括精子功能能力、局部抗精子抗体或精液白细胞）无显著相关性。宫颈内材料中的CMV与宫颈黏液质量下降或其他女性不育因素无关。精液中的CMV与女性伴侣宫颈内材料中CMV的存在无关。CMV感染与下生殖道的其他微生物无显著相关性。CMV血清学（IgG和/或IgM Ab）不能充分反映精液或宫颈中CMV的存在情况。
不育患者生殖道中CMV的存在较为常见，但研究结果并不表明性传播是常见的感染途径，也不表明CMV感染是不育的重要原因。
