Zlotnick Caron, Johnson Jennifer, Kohn Robert, Vicente Benjamin, Rioseco Pedro, Saldivia Sandra
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Compr Psychiatry. 2008 Mar-Apr;49(2):163-9. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.08.007. Epub 2007 Oct 24.
This study compared the prevalence rates of various psychiatric disorders in persons with first onset of a potentially traumatic event (PTE) in childhood, persons with first onset of a PTE in adulthood, and those with no history of a PTE in a representative sample of Chileans. The Diagnostic of Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition (DSM-III-R), posttraumatic stress disorder, and antisocial personality disorder modules from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and modules for a range of DSM-III-R diagnoses from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview were administered to 2390 Chileans. The study found that exposure to a lifetime PTE was associated with a higher probability of psychiatric morbidity than no PTE exposure. A PTE with childhood onset relative to adult onset was related to lifetime panic disorder, independent of the number of lifetime and demographic differences between the 2 groups. Childhood interpersonal trauma compared with interpersonal trauma in adulthood was significantly associated with lifetime panic disorder, agoraphobia, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Our findings suggest that specific disorders are linked to interpersonal trauma and PTEs that occur in childhood rather than later in life.
本研究比较了童年期首次经历潜在创伤性事件(PTE)的人群、成年期首次经历PTE的人群以及在具有代表性的智利样本中无PTE病史的人群中各种精神障碍的患病率。对2390名智利人使用了《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本(DSM-III-R)、《诊断访谈表》中的创伤后应激障碍和反社会人格障碍模块以及《综合国际诊断访谈》中一系列DSM-III-R诊断的模块。研究发现,与未经历PTE相比,终生经历PTE与更高的精神疾病发病率相关。童年期发病的PTE相对于成年期发病的PTE与终生惊恐障碍相关,与两组之间终生经历次数和人口统计学差异无关。与成年期人际创伤相比,童年期人际创伤与终生惊恐障碍、广场恐惧症和创伤后应激障碍显著相关。我们的研究结果表明,特定的障碍与童年期而非成年后期发生的人际创伤和PTE相关。