Norris Fran H, Murphy Arthur D, Baker Charlene K, Perilla Julia L, Rodriguez Francisco Gutiérrez, Rodriguez José de Jesús Gutiérrez
Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth College, White River Junction, VT, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Nov;112(4):646-56. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.112.4.646.
Prevalence rates of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were estimated from a probability sample of 2,509 adults from 4 cities in Mexico. PTSD was assessed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI; WHO, 1997). Lifetime prevalence of exposure and PTSD were 76% and 11.2%, respectively. Risk for PTSD was highest in Oaxaca (the poorest city), persons of lower socioeconomic status, and women. Conditional risk for PTSD was highest following sexual violence, but nonsexual violence and traumatic bereavement had greater overall impact because of their frequency. Of lifetime cases, 62% became chronic; only 42% received medical or professional care. The research demonstrates the importance of expanding the epidemiologic research base on trauma to include developing countries around the world.
从墨西哥4个城市的2509名成年人概率样本中估算创伤和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率。使用复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI；世界卫生组织，1997年）根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（美国精神病学协会，1994年）标准对PTSD进行评估。终生暴露和PTSD的患病率分别为76%和11.2%。PTSD风险在瓦哈卡州（最贫困城市）、社会经济地位较低者和女性中最高。PTSD的条件风险在性暴力后最高，但非性暴力和创伤性丧亲由于其发生频率而具有更大的总体影响。在终生病例中，62%变为慢性；只有42%接受了医疗或专业护理。该研究表明扩大创伤流行病学研究基础以纳入世界各国发展中国家的重要性。
