Maharaj Reena, Tineo Katherine, Flores-Ortega Marisol, Cordova Diego A, Iskhakova Alexandra, Linn Rose, Nikulina Valentina
Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, United States.
The Graduate Center, City University of New York, United States.
Eur J Trauma Dissociation. 2022 Nov;6(4):100300. doi: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2022.100300. Epub 2022 Oct 8.
The mental health difficulties of trauma survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic have been under-reported. This study explored the moderating role of trauma history and trauma type (interpersonal and non-interpersonal) in the association between COVID-19-related stressors and depression, anxiety, and stress. A sample of = 321 participants ages 19 to 71 ( = 36.63, SD = 10.36) was recruited from across the United States through MTurk. Participants reported the number of COVID-19-related stressors, trauma history and psychological symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses, controlling for age, race, ethnicity, gender, education, and income levels, were used to determine (a) whether COVID-19-related stressors are associated with adverse mental health outcomes; (b) whether trauma history and (c) trauma type moderated this association. Results revealed significant interactions; for those with a trauma history, exposure to COVID-19-related stressors was associated with higher levels of depression () and anxiety (). For those with a history of interpersonal trauma specifically, COVID-19-related stressors were associated with depression () more so than for those without a trauma history. These findings highlight the vulnerability of trauma survivors to the unprecedented COVID-19-related stress.
创伤幸存者在新冠疫情期间的心理健康问题一直未得到充分报道。本研究探讨了创伤史和创伤类型（人际创伤和非人际创伤）在新冠相关应激源与抑郁、焦虑和压力之间的关联中所起的调节作用。通过亚马逊土耳其机器人（MTurk）从美国各地招募了321名年龄在19至71岁之间的参与者（平均年龄=36.63，标准差=10.36）。参与者报告了与新冠相关的应激源数量、创伤史和心理症状。在控制了年龄、种族、民族、性别、教育程度和收入水平的情况下，采用分层多元回归分析来确定：（a）新冠相关应激源是否与不良心理健康结果相关；（b）创伤史以及（c）创伤类型是否调节了这种关联。结果显示存在显著的交互作用；对于有创伤史的人来说，接触新冠相关应激源与更高水平的抑郁（）和焦虑（）相关。特别是对于有人际创伤史的人，新冠相关应激源与抑郁（）的关联比没有创伤史的人更强。这些发现凸显了创伤幸存者在面对前所未有的新冠相关压力时的脆弱性。
