Fraguas David, Mena Ana, Franco Carolina, Martín-Blas María M, Nugent Kara, Rodríguez-Solano José Juan
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Psychiatry Res. 2008 Apr 15;158(3):316-23. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.12.002. Epub 2008 Feb 6.
The objective was to evaluate the relationship among symptomatology, awareness of illness, and attributional style in patients with schizophrenia. Fifty-six patients who were receiving outpatient psychiatric care gave their consent to fill out questionnaires designed to assess symptomatology, awareness of illness, and self-serving bias (SSB), which is a tendency to excessively attribute positive events to internal causes. Questionnaires were successfully completed by 44 patients (31 males and 13 females between the ages of 18 and 62). The following measures were used: Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorders (SUMD), and Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ). The results showed that emotional discomfort, which is directly related to the depressive syndrome, and the cognitive syndrome were significantly associated with a reversed SSB (tendency to excessively attribute positive events to external causes and negative events to internal causes). Emotional discomfort accounted for 23.5% of the variance in reversed SSB and the cognitive syndrome for 9.7% of the variance in reversed SSB. No relationship was found to exist between unawareness of illness and SSB. These findings reveal that in patients with schizophrenia, reversed SSB is closely related to the presence of depressive symptoms.
目的是评估精神分裂症患者的症状学、疾病认知与归因方式之间的关系。56名接受门诊精神科护理的患者同意填写旨在评估症状学、疾病认知和自我服务偏差（SSB）的问卷，自我服务偏差是一种将积极事件过度归因于内部原因的倾向。44名患者（31名男性和13名女性，年龄在18至62岁之间）成功完成了问卷。使用了以下测量工具：阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、精神障碍无自知力评估量表（SUMD）和归因方式问卷（ASQ）。结果显示，与抑郁综合征直接相关的情绪不适和认知综合征与反向SSB（将积极事件过度归因于外部原因，将消极事件过度归因于内部原因的倾向）显著相关。情绪不适占反向SSB变异的23.5%，认知综合征占反向SSB变异的9.7%。未发现疾病无自知力与SSB之间存在关系。这些发现表明，在精神分裂症患者中，反向SSB与抑郁症状的存在密切相关。
