Silfverskiöld J P
Postgrad Med. 1991 Apr;89(5):183-8. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1991.11700901.
Many of the painful foot problems seen in adults are easily treated. Bunions and bunionettes often respond to a change to wide, soft-toed shoes or sandals and the temporary use of a mild anti-inflammatory agent. Initial treatment of plantar keratoses is trimming and use of cushioning shoe inserts. Diffuse keratoses may require reconstructive surgery if metatarsal deformity is the cause. Seed corns and soft corns respond to trimming, and alleviation of pressure with padding and wearing of open-toed shoes is beneficial in these lesions as well as in hard corns. Surgical resection of any underlying exostosis may be required for hard or soft corns or "pump bumps," which are caused by pressure from the shoe's heel. In all cases, patients should be advised to change to shoes that provide plenty of room in the toe box and that minimize friction on painful areas.
成人中出现的许多足部疼痛问题都很容易治疗。拇囊炎和小趾囊炎通常通过更换为宽头、软头的鞋子或凉鞋,并临时使用温和的抗炎药来缓解。足底角化病的初始治疗方法是修剪并使用缓冲鞋垫。如果跖骨畸形是病因,弥漫性角化病可能需要进行重建手术。籽骨鸡眼和软鸡眼通过修剪可得到改善,使用衬垫减轻压力并穿露趾鞋对这些病变以及硬鸡眼都有益处。对于由鞋跟压力引起的硬鸡眼或软鸡眼或“高跟鞋肿块”,可能需要手术切除任何潜在的外生骨疣。在所有情况下,都应建议患者更换为在鞋头部分提供足够空间且能使疼痛部位摩擦力最小化的鞋子。