Bochev Ivan, Elmadjian Gabriel, Kyurkchiev Dobroslav, Tzvetanov Liubomir, Altankova Iskra, Tivchev Peter, Kyurkchiev Stanimir
Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,73 Tzarigradsko shosse, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Cell Biol Int. 2008 Apr;32(4):384-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2007.12.007. Epub 2008 Jan 9.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been characterized as multipotent cells which are able to differentiate into several mesodermal and nonmesodermal lineage cells and this feature along with their extensive growth and comprehensive immunomodulatory properties establish them as a promising tool for therapeutic applications, including cell-based tissue engineering and treatment of immune-mediated disorders. Although bone marrow (BM) is the most common MSC source, cells with similar characteristics have been shown to be present in several other adult tissues. Adipose tissue (AT), large quantities of which can be easily obtained, represents an attractive alternative to BM in isolating adipose tissue-derived MSC (AT-MSC). BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs share some immunomodulatory properties as they are both not inherently immunogenic and suppress the proliferation of alloantigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-cells. Our purpose was to comparatively examine under appropriate in vitro conditions, phenotypes, morphology and some functional properties of BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs, such as differentiation potential and especially the ability to suppress the immunoglobulin production by mitogen-stimulated B-cells. While the morphological, immunophenotypical, colony-forming and adipogenic characteristics of both types of cells were almost identical, AT-MSCs showed less potential for osteogenic differentiation than BM-MSCs. We found that AT-MSCs not only inhibited the Ig-production but also suppressed this B-cell function to a much greater extent compared to BM-MSC. This finding supports the potential role of AT-MSCs as an alternative to BM-MSCs for clinical purposes.
间充质干细胞（MSC）已被鉴定为多能细胞，能够分化为多种中胚层和非中胚层谱系细胞，这一特性以及它们广泛的生长能力和全面的免疫调节特性，使它们成为治疗应用中有前景的工具，包括基于细胞的组织工程和免疫介导疾病的治疗。尽管骨髓（BM）是最常见的MSC来源，但已证明具有相似特征的细胞存在于其他几种成人组织中。脂肪组织（AT）可以很容易地大量获取，在分离脂肪组织来源的MSC（AT-MSC）方面，它是骨髓的一个有吸引力的替代来源。BM-MSC和AT-MSC具有一些共同的免疫调节特性，因为它们本身都没有免疫原性，并且能抑制同种异体抗原或丝裂原刺激的T细胞增殖。我们的目的是在适当的体外条件下，比较研究BM-MSC和AT-MSC的表型、形态和一些功能特性，如分化潜能，特别是抑制丝裂原刺激的B细胞产生免疫球蛋白的能力。虽然这两种细胞的形态、免疫表型、集落形成和成脂特性几乎相同，但AT-MSC的成骨分化潜能比BM-MSC小。我们发现，与BM-MSC相比，AT-MSC不仅抑制免疫球蛋白的产生，而且在更大程度上抑制这种B细胞功能。这一发现支持了AT-MSC作为BM-MSC临床替代物的潜在作用。
