Holland C K, Roy R A, Apfel R E, Crum L A
Dept. of Diagnostic Radiol., Yale Sch. of Med., New Haven, CT.
IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 1992;39(1):95-101. doi: 10.1109/58.166815.
Experiments were performed to determine whether a clinical diagnostic scanner, a Hewlett-Packard (HP) 77020A, could produce cavitation in water containing suspensions of either 0.245-mum polystyrene spheres or Albunex, 1-10 mum albumin-coated microbubbles. Two calibrated, phased-array HP imaging transducers with 2.5- and 5.0-MHz operating frequencies were driven in M-mode (single cycle) and Doppler mode 4 cycles by the HP imaging system. Cavitation was detected in the water with polystyrene spheres at 2.5 MHz in both M-mode and Doppler mode at a peak negative acoustic pressure of 1.1 MPa or greater. Insonification at 5.0 MHz in either mode did not produce a detectable amount of cavitation, even with peak negative pressures as high as 1.2 MPa. Cavitation was not detected in water with the Albunex spheres at either frequency.
进行了实验，以确定一台临床诊断扫描仪，即惠普（HP）77020A，是否能在含有0.245微米聚苯乙烯微球悬浮液或Albunex（1 - 10微米白蛋白包裹的微泡）的水中产生空化现象。两个经校准的、工作频率分别为2.5兆赫和5.0兆赫的相控阵惠普成像换能器，由惠普成像系统以M模式（单周期）和多普勒模式（4个周期）驱动。在含有聚苯乙烯微球的水中，在M模式和多普勒模式下，当峰值负声压达到1.1兆帕或更高时，在2.5兆赫频率处检测到了空化现象。在5.0兆赫频率下，无论哪种模式，即使峰值负压高达1.2兆帕，也未产生可检测到的空化现象。在含有Albunex微球的水中，在这两个频率下均未检测到空化现象。
