Boonen Kurt, Landuyt Bart, Baggerman Geert, Husson Steven J, Huybrechts Jurgen, Schoofs Liliane
Laboratory for Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Naamsestraat 59, Leuven, Belgium.
J Sep Sci. 2008 Feb;31(3):427-45. doi: 10.1002/jssc.200700450.
MS is currently one of the most important analytical techniques in biological and medical research. ESI and MALDI launched the field of MS into biology. The performance of mass spectrometers increased tremendously over the past decades. Other technological advances increased the analytical power of biological MS even more. First, the advent of the genome projects allowed an automated analysis of mass spectrometric data. Second, improved separation techniques, like nanoscale HPLC, are essential for MS analysis of biomolecules. The recent progress in bioinformatics is the third factor that accelerated the biochemical analysis of macromolecules. The first part of this review will introduce the basics of these techniques. The field that integrates all these techniques to identify endogenous peptides is called peptidomics and will be discussed in the last section. This integrated approach aims at identifying all the present peptides in a cell, organ or organism (the peptidome). Today, peptidomics is used by several fields of research. Special emphasis will be given to the identification of neuropeptides, a class of short proteins that fulfil several important intercellular signalling functions in every animal. MS imaging techniques and biomarker discovery will also be discussed briefly.
质谱（MS）目前是生物和医学研究中最重要的分析技术之一。电喷雾电离（ESI）和基质辅助激光解吸电离（MALDI）将质谱领域引入了生物学。在过去几十年中，质谱仪的性能有了极大提高。其他技术进步更是增强了生物质谱的分析能力。首先，基因组计划的出现使得质谱数据能够进行自动化分析。其次，诸如纳米级高效液相色谱（HPLC）等改进的分离技术对于生物分子的质谱分析至关重要。生物信息学的最新进展是加速大分子生化分析的第三个因素。本综述的第一部分将介绍这些技术的基础知识。将所有这些技术整合起来以鉴定内源性肽的领域称为肽组学，将在最后一部分进行讨论。这种综合方法旨在鉴定细胞、器官或生物体中所有存在的肽（肽组）。如今，肽组学被多个研究领域所使用。将特别强调神经肽的鉴定，神经肽是一类短蛋白，在每种动物中都发挥着多种重要的细胞间信号传导功能。还将简要讨论质谱成像技术和生物标志物发现。
