选定的禾谷镰刀菌和克鲁克韦镰刀菌分离株产生霉菌毒素的情况。
Production of mycotoxins by selected Fusarium graminearum and F. crookwellense isolates.
作者信息
Sydenham E W, Marasas W F, Thiel P G, Shephard G S, Nieuwenhuis J J
机构信息
Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg.
出版信息
Food Addit Contam. 1991 Jan-Feb;8(1):31-41. doi: 10.1080/02652039109373953.
Corn cultures (five isolates each of Fusarium graminearum Group 1 from wheat crowns, Group 2 from scabby wheat grains and from ear rot of corn and five isolates of F. crookwellense) were screened for their ability to produce deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), fusarenon-x (FUS-X) and zearalenone (ZEA). Nine of the ten F. graminearum isolates from wheat produced DON (5-165 micrograms g-1) but none produced either NIV or FUS-X. Conversely, 3/5 and 2/5 of the F. graminearum isolates from corn produced NIV (5-40 micrograms g-1) and FUS-X (5-7 micrograms g-1), respectively, while none produced DON. All but one of the F. graminearum isolates produced ZEA (2-1160 micrograms g-1). None of the F. crookwellense isolates produced DON, but 5/5 and 4/5 produced NIV (6-170 micrograms g-1) and FUS-X (3-90 micrograms g-1), respectively, and all produced ZEA (605-1030 micrograms g-1). The results confirmed previous findings on the presence of two distinct F. graminearum chemotypes.
对玉米培养物（从小麦冠部分离出的禾谷镰刀菌第1组的5个菌株、从赤霉病小麦籽粒和玉米穗腐病中分离出的第2组的5个菌株以及5个克鲁克韦镰刀菌菌株）进行了脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV）、镰刀菌烯酮-X（FUS-X）和玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）产生能力的筛选。从小麦中分离出的10个禾谷镰刀菌菌株中有9个产生DON（5 - 165微克/克），但均未产生NIV或FUS-X。相反，从玉米中分离出的禾谷镰刀菌菌株分别有3/5和2/5产生NIV（5 - 40微克/克）和FUS-X（5 - 7微克/克），而均未产生DON。除1个菌株外，所有禾谷镰刀菌菌株均产生ZEA（2 - 1160微克/克）。克鲁克韦镰刀菌菌株均未产生DON，但分别有5/5和4/5产生NIV（6 - 170微克/克）和FUS-X（3 - 90微克/克），且均产生ZEA（605 - 1030微克/克）。结果证实了先前关于两种不同禾谷镰刀菌化学型存在的研究结果。
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