van Beek Edwin J R, Hoffman Eric A
Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, C-751 GH, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242-1077, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2008 Mar;29(1):195-216, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2007.12.003.
Numerous imaging techniques permit evaluation of regional pulmonary function. Contrast-enhanced CT methods now allow assessment of vasculature and lung perfusion. Techniques using spirometric controlled multi-detector row CT allow for quantification of presence and distribution of parenchymal and airway pathology; xenon gas can be employed to assess regional ventilation of the lungs, and rapid bolus injections of iodinated contrast agent can provide a quantitative measure of regional parenchymal perfusion. Advances in MRI of the lung include gadolinium-enhanced perfusion imaging and hyperpolarized gas imaging, which allow functional assessment, including ventilation/perfusion, microscopic air space measurements, and gas flow and transport dynamics.
许多成像技术可用于评估局部肺功能。对比增强CT方法现在能够评估血管系统和肺灌注情况。使用肺活量控制的多排探测器CT技术可对实质和气道病变的存在及分布进行量化；氙气可用于评估肺的局部通气情况，快速团注碘化造影剂可提供局部实质灌注的定量测量。肺部MRI的进展包括钆增强灌注成像和超极化气体成像，这些技术可进行功能评估，包括通气/灌注、微观气腔测量以及气体流动和传输动力学。
