Mesin Luca, Merletti Roberto
Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Torino, via Cavalli 22/G, Torino 10138, Italy.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 Feb;55(2 Pt 1):660-70. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2007.902248.
This study analytically addresses the problem of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for a planar, multilayer, anisotropic model of a physiological tissue (referred to as volume conductor). Both conductivity and permittivity of the volume conductor are considered, including dispersive properties. The analytical solution is obtained in the 2-D Fourier transform domain, transforming in the planes parallel to the volume conductor surface. The model is efficient in terms of computational cost, as the solution is analytical (only numerical Fourier inversion is needed). It provides the current distribution in a physiological tissue induced by an electrical current delivered at the skin surface. Three representative examples of application of the model are considered. 1) The simulation of stimulation artefact during transcutaneous electrical stimulation and EMG detection. Only the effect of the volume conductor is considered, neglecting the other sources of artefact (such as the capacitive coupling between the stimulating and recording electrodes). 2) The simulation of the electrical current distribution within the muscle and the low-pass filter effect of the volume conductor on sinusoidal stimulation currents with different stimulation frequencies. 3) The estimation of the amplitude modulated current distribution within the muscle for interferential stimulation. The model is devoted to the simulation of neuromuscular stimulation, but the same method could be applied in other fields in which the estimation of the electrical current distribution in a medium induced by the injection of a current from the boundary of the medium is of interest.
本研究以分析方式解决了针对生理组织平面多层各向异性模型（称为容积导体）的神经肌肉电刺激问题。考虑了容积导体的电导率和介电常数，包括色散特性。在二维傅里叶变换域中获得解析解，即在与容积导体表面平行的平面上进行变换。该模型在计算成本方面效率很高，因为解是解析的（仅需要数值傅里叶反演）。它提供了由皮肤表面施加的电流在生理组织中引起的电流分布。考虑了该模型应用的三个代表性示例。1）经皮电刺激和肌电图检测期间刺激伪迹的模拟。仅考虑容积导体的影响，忽略其他伪迹来源（如刺激电极和记录电极之间的电容耦合）。2）肌肉内电流分布的模拟以及容积导体对不同刺激频率的正弦刺激电流的低通滤波效应。3）干扰刺激时肌肉内调幅电流分布的估计。该模型致力于神经肌肉刺激的模拟，但相同方法可应用于其他领域，即对从介质边界注入电流所引起的介质中电流分布估计感兴趣的领域。
