Scherer Reinhold, Lee Felix, Schlogl Alois, Leeb Robert, Bischof Horst, Pfurtscheller Gert
Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2008 Feb;55(2 Pt 1):675-82. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2007.903709.
The self-paced control paradigm enables users to operate brain-computer interfaces (BCI) in a more natural way: no longer is the machine in control of the timing and speed of communication, but rather the user is. This is important to enhance the usability, flexibility, and response time of a BCI. In this work, we show how subjects, after performing cue-based feedback training (smiley paradigm), learned to navigate self-paced through the "freeSpace" virtual environment (VE). Similar to computer games, subjects had the task of picking up items by using the following navigation commands: rotate left, rotate right, and move forward ( three classes). Since the self-paced control paradigm allows subjects to make voluntary decisions on time, type, and duration of mental activity, no cues or routing directives were presented. The BCI was based only on three bipolar electroencephalogram channels and operated by motor imagery. Eye movements (electrooculogram) and electromyographic artifacts were reduced and detected online. The results of three able-bodied subjects are reported and problems emerging from self-paced control are discussed.
自定节奏控制范式使用户能够以更自然的方式操作脑机接口（BCI）：不再是机器控制通信的时间和速度，而是用户。这对于提高BCI的可用性、灵活性和响应时间很重要。在这项工作中，我们展示了受试者在进行基于提示的反馈训练（笑脸范式）后，如何学会在“自由空间”虚拟环境（VE）中自定节奏地导航。与电脑游戏类似，受试者的任务是通过使用以下导航命令来拾取物品：向左旋转、向右旋转和向前移动（三类）。由于自定节奏控制范式允许受试者对心理活动的时间、类型和持续时间做出自主决策，因此未呈现任何提示或路线指令。该BCI仅基于三个双极脑电图通道，并通过运动想象进行操作。在线减少并检测眼动（眼电图）和肌电伪迹。报告了三名身体健全受试者的结果，并讨论了自定节奏控制中出现的问题。
