Miura Kazuaki, Nishiyama Naohiro, Yamamoto Akiko
Environmental and Human Safety Task Force, Japan Soap and Detergent Association, Tokyo, Japan.
J Oleo Sci. 2008;57(3):161-70. doi: 10.5650/jos.57.161.
Since 1998, Japan Soap and Detergent Association has been continuously evaluating the concentrations of four surfactants used in household detergents and fabric conditioners in river surface water: linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (AE), alkyldimethylamine oxide (AO) and dialkyl dimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) in Japanese urban rivers, in order to assess the risks of surfactants on aquatic organisms. Surfactant concentrations in the river water in June and September were found to be lower than those in March and December, the season where water temperature is lower, suggesting that the rates of biodegradation in environmental water differ depending on the water temperature. All the measured surfactant concentrations were below the reported predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) and have been decreasing year by year; suggesting that surfactant risk on aquatic organisms in Japanese rivers is low under current conditions.
自1998年以来，日本肥皂和洗涤剂协会一直在持续评估日本城市河流表层水中家用洗涤剂和织物柔顺剂中使用的四种表面活性剂的浓度：直链烷基苯磺酸盐（LAS）、聚氧乙烯烷基醚（AE）、烷基二甲基氧化胺（AO）和二烷基二甲基氯化铵（DADMAC），以便评估表面活性剂对水生生物的风险。研究发现，6月和9月河水中的表面活性剂浓度低于水温较低的3月和12月，这表明环境水中的生物降解率因水温而异。所有测得的表面活性剂浓度均低于报告的预测无效应浓度（PNEC），且逐年下降；这表明在当前条件下，日本河流中表面活性剂对水生生物的风险较低。
