Dugas L R, Cohen R, Carstens M T, Schoffelen P F M, Luke A, Durazo-Arvizu R A, Goedecke J H, Levitt N S, Lambert E V
MRC/UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 May;63(5):667-73. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2008.8. Epub 2008 Feb 13.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In South Africa (SA), the prevalence of obesity in women is 56%, with black women being most at risk (62%). Studies in the United States have demonstrated ethnic differences in resting (REE) and total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) between African American (AA) and their white counterparts. We investigated whether differences in EE exist in black and white SA women, explaining, in part, the ethnic obesity prevalence differences.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: We measured REE, TDEE and physical activity EE (PAEE) in lean (BMI <25 kg m(-2)) and obese (BMI >30 kg m(-2)) SA women (N=44, 30+/-6 year). REE, TDEE, PAEE and total awake EE were measured during a 21 h stay in a respiration chamber.
Black and white subjects within obese and lean groups were not significantly different for age, mass, BMI and % body fat. However, fat-free mass (kg FFM) was consistently lower in the black women (P<0.01) in both weight groups. After adjusting EE measurements for differences in FFM, REE was not significantly different for either body weight or ethnicity, although 24 h TDEE (kJ) was significantly greater in the obese women (P<0.01) and white women (P<0.05). Total awake non-PAEE was not significantly different for either groups, while total awake time was only significantly lower for the lean groups (P<0.01). Total PAEE (kJ min(-1)) was significantly lower in the lean (P<0.001) and black groups (P<0.01).
In this sample of matched, lean and obese, black and white SA women, differences in TDEE were largely explained by ethnic differences in PAEE, and were not as a result of ethnic differences in REE.
背景/目的：在南非（SA），女性肥胖患病率为56%，其中黑人女性风险最高（62%）。美国的研究表明，非裔美国人（AA）与其白人同龄人在静息能量消耗（REE）和每日总能量消耗（TDEE）方面存在种族差异。我们调查了南非黑人和白人女性在能量消耗方面是否存在差异，这在一定程度上解释了种族间肥胖患病率的差异。
对象/方法：我们测量了体重正常（BMI<25 kg/m²）和肥胖（BMI>30 kg/m²）的南非女性（N = 44，年龄30±6岁）的REE、TDEE和身体活动能量消耗（PAEE）。在呼吸室内停留21小时期间测量REE、TDEE、PAEE和总清醒时间的能量消耗。
肥胖组和体重正常组中的黑人和白人受试者在年龄、体重、BMI和体脂百分比方面无显著差异。然而，两个体重组的黑人女性无脂肪量（kg FFM）始终较低（P<0.01）。在根据FFM差异调整能量消耗测量值后，无论体重或种族，REE均无显著差异，尽管肥胖女性的24小时TDEE（kJ）显著更高（P<0.01），白人女性也更高（P<0.05）。两组的总清醒非PAEE均无显著差异，而只有体重正常组的总清醒时间显著更短（P<0.01）。体重正常组（P<0.001）和黑人组（P<0.01）的总PAEE（kJ/min）显著更低。
在这个匹配的、体重正常和肥胖的南非黑人和白人女性样本中，TDEE的差异很大程度上是由PAEE的种族差异导致的，而非REE的种族差异。
