Poma S Zanone, Magno N, Belletti S, Toniolo E
Department of Mental Health, Local Health Agency 18, Rovigo, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2007 Sep;48(3):79-82.
The greatest predictor of eventual suicide is parasuicide, which includes both suicide attempts and deliberate self-harm with no intent to die. The rate of parasuicide is reckoned to be at least ten times the suicide rate.
An observational study of the population of Rovigo Public Health Unit has been carried out to investigate parasuicide cases that presented to a general hospital in the six-year period from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2005.
An incidence of 36.39 parasuicides/100,000/year referred to a general hospital has been estimated, with a majority of female and young subjects. The principal method used was drug poisoning (59.1%); the more frequent diagnoses are mood and personality disorders. Method of attempt distribution is different for age and gender (p < 0.001), while diagnosis distribution is different only for age (p < 0.001). Comparison between method of attempt and diagnosis distribution indicates a significant difference (p < 0.01). In 36.4% of cases there was no contact with the Mental Health Service after parasuicide.
The present study confirms that parasuicide is more common in females and younger people and that the more probable diagnoses are mood and personality disorders. The finding of a high number of subjects without any previous contact with the Mental Health Service and, especially, after parasuicide, claims attention on primary and secondary prevention of suicidal behaviour.
The results appear to be in line with those from literature on parasuicide in Western populations.
最终自杀的最大预测因素是准自杀行为，其中包括自杀未遂以及无死亡意图的蓄意自我伤害。据估计，准自杀行为的发生率至少是自杀率的十倍。
对罗维戈公共卫生部门的人群进行了一项观察性研究，以调查2000年1月1日至2005年12月31日这六年期间在一家综合医院出现的准自杀案例。
估计综合医院的准自杀发生率为每年36.39例/10万人，其中女性和年轻人占多数。主要使用的方法是药物中毒（59.1%）；最常见的诊断是情绪和人格障碍。尝试方法的分布因年龄和性别而异（p < 0.001），而诊断分布仅因年龄而异（p < 0.001）。尝试方法与诊断分布之间的比较显示出显著差异（p < 0.01）。在36.4%的案例中，准自杀后未与心理健康服务机构接触。
本研究证实，准自杀在女性和年轻人中更为常见，最可能的诊断是情绪和人格障碍。大量此前未与心理健康服务机构接触的人群的发现，尤其是在准自杀之后，值得关注自杀行为的一级和二级预防。
结果似乎与西方人群中关于准自杀的文献结果一致。
