Weinberg Eugene D
Department of Biology and Program in Medical Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
Hemoglobin. 2008;32(1-2):117-22. doi: 10.1080/03630260701680805.
The numerous acute and chronic diseases associated with excessive/misplaced iron are categorized in this review in the following sections: 1) iron, by itself, can initiate the disease; 2) iron can be a cofactor in promoting the disease; 3) iron deposits are observed in disease-associated tissue sites; 4) body iron loading is associated with above normal incidence of the disease; and 5) maternal antibodies can impair fetal iron metabolism. Also discussed is the anomalous condition in which persons whose macrophages are low in iron are resistant to microbial pathogens that require iron loaded macrophages for in vivo growth. Thus, hemochromatotic mutations have apparently had survival value during outbreaks of tuberculosis, plague and typhoid fever.
本综述将与铁过量/分布异常相关的众多急慢性疾病分为以下几类：1）铁本身可引发疾病；2）铁可作为促进疾病的辅助因子；3）在疾病相关组织部位观察到铁沉积；4）机体铁负荷与该疾病高于正常水平的发病率相关；5）母体抗体可损害胎儿铁代谢。还讨论了一种异常情况，即巨噬细胞铁含量低的人对那些在体内生长需要铁负载巨噬细胞的微生物病原体具有抗性。因此，血色素沉着症突变在结核病、鼠疫和伤寒热爆发期间显然具有生存价值。
