Ivanov D V, Krapivina I V
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 2007 Nov-Dec(6):16-20.
Resistance to wide spectrum of antibiotics was studied and most widespread genetic determinants of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics were revealed. Susceptibility testing was performed using serial broth microdilution method. Detection of class A expanded spectrum beta-lactamases genes (TEM, SHV, CTX) by polymerase-chain reaction method was performed in 90 strains. Carbapenems remained the most active antibacterial agents with respect to studied E. coli strains. Among the 3rd generation cephalosporins the lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations were observed for inhibition-protected combined agents (ceftazidime/clavulanic acid and cefoperazone/ sulbactam). Alone or in various combinations TEM, SHV, and CTX types of beta-lactamases were found in 58.9%, 14.4%, and 77.8% of strains. Combinations of 2 determinants were detected in 55.6% of the isolates, and all 3 determinants--in 5.6%. Most often E. coli was isolated in patients with urinary tract infections. Carbapenems and inhibition-protected combined 3rd generation cephalosporins are the most active agents against E. coli.
研究了对多种抗生素的耐药性，并揭示了对β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药的最普遍遗传决定因素。采用肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验。用聚合酶链反应法对90株菌株检测A类超广谱β-内酰胺酶基因（TEM、SHV、CTX）。对于所研究的大肠杆菌菌株，碳青霉烯类仍然是最有效的抗菌剂。在第三代头孢菌素中，抑菌保护复合制剂（头孢他啶/克拉维酸和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦）的最低抑菌浓度最低。单独或多种组合形式下，分别在58.9%、14.4%和77.8%的菌株中发现了TEM、SHV和CTX型β-内酰胺酶。在55.6%的分离株中检测到两种决定因素的组合，在5.6%的分离株中检测到所有三种决定因素。大肠杆菌最常从尿路感染患者中分离出来。碳青霉烯类和抑菌保护复合第三代头孢菌素是对抗大肠杆菌最有效的药物。
