Massmann Gudrun, Dünnbier Uwe, Heberer Thomas, Taute Thomas
Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Geological Sciences, Hydrogeology Group, Malteserstrasse 74-100, 12249 Berlin, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2008 Apr;71(8):1476-85. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.12.017. Epub 2008 Feb 14.
The behaviour of residues of phenazone-type pharmaceuticals during bank filtration was investigated at a field site in Berlin, Germany, where bank-filtered water is used for drinking water production. The concentrations of the pharmaceutical residues in the shallow, young bank filtrate (travel times<one month) were correlated to the prevailing hydrochemical conditions at the field site. In addition, their behaviour during passage through an undisturbed sediment core from the lake base at the site (clogging layer) was evaluated in the laboratory. Phenazone, 4-acetylaminoantipyrine (AAA), 4-formylaminoantipyrin (FAA) and 1,5-dimethyl-1,2-dehydro-3-pyrazolone (DP) were eliminated more efficiently under oxic conditions, while 1-acetyl-1-methyl-2-dimethyloxamoyl-2-phenylhydrazide (AMDOPH) was not eliminated at all. The redox conditions and the elimination of the respective pharmaceutical residues displayed strong seasonal variations. Oxic conditions were only encountered close to the shore in winter, when temperatures were low. The column study showed that the elimination is restricted to the uppermost decimetres of the lake base, where oxygen is present. While phenazone elimination is almost complete during aerobic rapid sand filtration in the waterworks, the compounds were found to be more persistent under anoxic field conditions.
在德国柏林的一个实地地点，对非那宗类药物残留物质在岸边过滤过程中的行为进行了研究，该地点的岸边过滤水用于饮用水生产。浅层、新的岸边滤液（停留时间<1个月）中药物残留的浓度与实地地点的主要水化学条件相关。此外，还在实验室中评估了它们在通过该地点湖底未扰动沉积物岩心（堵塞层）时的行为。非那宗、4-乙酰氨基安替比林（AAA）、4-甲酰氨基安替比林（FAA）和1,5-二甲基-1,2-脱氢-3-吡唑啉酮（DP）在有氧条件下的去除效率更高，而1-乙酰-1-甲基-2-二甲基草酰-2-苯基酰肼（AMDOPH）则完全没有被去除。氧化还原条件和各药物残留的去除呈现出强烈的季节性变化。仅在冬季温度较低时，靠近岸边才会出现有氧条件。柱实验表明，去除作用仅限于湖底最上层的分米区域，该区域存在氧气。虽然在自来水厂的好氧快速砂滤过程中非那宗的去除几乎是完全的，但发现这些化合物在缺氧的实地条件下更具持久性。
