Heberer Thomas, Massmann Gudrun, Fanck Britta, Taute Thomas, Dünnbier Uwe
Lower Saxony Federal State Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (LAVES), Food Institute Oldenburg, Martin-Niemöller-Strasse 2, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany.
Chemosphere. 2008 Sep;73(4):451-60. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.056. Epub 2008 Aug 26.
The behaviour of residues of antibiotic drugs during bank filtration was studied at a field site in Berlin, Germany, where bank-filtered water is used for the production of drinking water. The neighbouring surface water used for bank filtration is under the influence of treated municipal wastewater. Seven out of 19 investigated antimicrobial residues were found in the surface water with median concentrations between 7 and 151ngL(-1). Out of the seven analytes detected in the surface water only three (anhydroerythromycin, clindamycin and sulfamethoxazole) were found with median concentrations above their limits of quantitation in bank filtrate with a travel time of one month or less. With the exception of sulfamethoxazole, none of the 19 analytes were present in bank filtrate with a residence time larger than one month or in the water-supply well itself. Sulfamethoxazole found with a median concentration of 151ngL(-1) in the surface water was the most persistent of all antimicrobial residues. Nevertheless, it was also removed by more than 98% and only found with a median concentration of 2ngL(-1) in the water-supply well. The degradation of clindamycin and sulfamethoxazole appear to be redox-dependent. Clindamycin was eliminated more efficiently under oxic infiltration conditions while sulfamethoxazole was eliminated more rapidly under anoxic infiltration conditions. A slight preference for an improved degradation under oxic (clarithromycin and roxithromycin) or anoxic (anhydroerythromycin) conditions was also observed for the macrolide antibiotics. Nevertheless, all macrolides were readily removable by bank filtration both under oxic and anoxic conditions.
在德国柏林的一个实地地点，对银行过滤过程中抗生素药物残留的行为进行了研究，该地的银行过滤水用于生产饮用水。用于银行过滤的相邻地表水受到处理后的城市废水的影响。在地表水中发现了19种被调查的抗菌药物残留中的7种，中位浓度在7至151纳克/升之间。在地表水中检测到的7种分析物中，只有3种（脱水红霉素、克林霉素和磺胺甲恶唑）在银行滤液中被发现，中位浓度高于其定量限，且停留时间为一个月或更短。除磺胺甲恶唑外，19种分析物中没有一种存在于停留时间超过一个月的银行滤液中或供水井本身。地表水中中位浓度为151纳克/升的磺胺甲恶唑是所有抗菌药物残留中最持久的。尽管如此，它也被去除了98%以上，在供水井中仅发现中位浓度为2纳克/升。克林霉素和磺胺甲恶唑的降解似乎与氧化还原有关。在有氧渗透条件下，克林霉素的去除效率更高，而在缺氧渗透条件下，磺胺甲恶唑的去除速度更快。对于大环内酯类抗生素，也观察到在有氧（克拉霉素和罗红霉素）或缺氧（脱水红霉素）条件下有轻微的降解改善偏好。然而，所有大环内酯类抗生素在有氧和缺氧条件下都很容易通过银行过滤去除。
