甲型疱疹病毒：神经系统回路中的分子探索者
The alpha-herpesviruses: molecular pathfinders in nervous system circuits.
作者信息
Ekstrand Mats I, Enquist L W, Pomeranz Lisa E
机构信息
Department of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
出版信息
Trends Mol Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):134-40. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2007.12.008. Epub 2008 Feb 14.
Abstract
Several neuroinvasive viruses can be used to study the mammalian nervous system. In particular, infection by pseudorabies virus (PRV), an alpha-herpesvirus with broad host range, reveals chains of functionally connected neurons in the nervous systems of a variety of mammals. The specificity of PRV trans-neuronal spread has been established in several systems. One attenuated strain, PRV-Bartha, causes a reduced inflammatory response and also spreads only from infected post- to pre-synaptic neurons. We review the basics of PRV tracing and then discuss new developments and novel approaches that have enabled a more detailed understanding of the architecture of the nervous system. As questions and techniques evolve in the field of neuroscience, advances in PRV tracing will certainly follow.
摘要
几种具有神经侵袭性的病毒可用于研究哺乳动物的神经系统。特别是，伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）感染，一种具有广泛宿主范围的α疱疹病毒，可揭示多种哺乳动物神经系统中功能相连的神经元链。PRV跨神经元传播的特异性已在多个系统中得到证实。一种减毒株，PRV-Bartha，引起的炎症反应减弱，并且仅从受感染的突触后神经元传播到突触前神经元。我们回顾了PRV追踪的基础知识，然后讨论了新的进展和新方法，这些进展和方法使我们能够更详细地了解神经系统的结构。随着神经科学领域问题和技术的不断发展，PRV追踪的进展必将随之而来。
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