Chen Guohai, Song Guixiang, Jiang Lili, Zhang Yunhui, Zhao Naiqing, Chen Bingheng, Kan Haidong
Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, School of Public Health, Fudan University, China.
J Occup Health. 2008;50(1):41-7. doi: 10.1539/joh.50.41.
Identification of the specific pollutants contributing most to the health hazard of the air pollution mixture may have important implications for environmental and social policies. In the current study, we conducted a time-series analysis to examine the specific effects of major air pollutants [particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter (PM(10)), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), and nitrogen dioxides (NO(2))] on daily mortality in Shanghai, China, using both single-pollutant and multiple-pollutant models. In the single-pollutant models, PM(10), SO(2), and NO(2) were found to be associated with mortality from both all non-accidental causes and from cardiopulmonary diseases. Unlike some prior studies in North America, we found a significant effect of gaseous pollutants (SO(2) and NO(2)) on daily mortality even after adjustment for PM(10) in the multiple-pollutant models. Our findings, combined with previous Chinese studies showing a consistent, significant effect of gaseous pollutants on mortality, suggest that the role of outdoor exposure to SO(2) and NO(2) should be investigated further in China.
确定对空气污染混合物健康危害贡献最大的特定污染物，可能对环境和社会政策具有重要意义。在当前研究中，我们进行了一项时间序列分析，以使用单污染物模型和多污染物模型，研究主要空气污染物[直径小于10微米的颗粒物（PM10）、二氧化硫（SO2）和二氧化氮（NO2）]对中国上海每日死亡率的特定影响。在单污染物模型中，发现PM10、SO2和NO2与所有非意外原因及心肺疾病导致的死亡率相关。与北美一些先前研究不同，我们发现在多污染物模型中，即使在对PM10进行调整后，气态污染物（SO2和NO2）对每日死亡率仍有显著影响。我们的研究结果，结合之前中国的研究表明气态污染物对死亡率有一致、显著的影响，表明在中国应进一步调查室外接触SO2和NO2的作用。
