Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
PPAR Res. 2008;2008:745804. doi: 10.1155/2008/745804.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), an essential transcriptional mediator of adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and glucose homeostasis, is increasingly recognized as a key player in inflammatory cells and in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, congestive heart failure, and atherosclerosis. PPAR-gamma agonists, the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), increase insulin sensitivity, lower blood glucose, decrease circulating free fatty acids and triglycerides, lower blood pressure, reduce inflammatory markers, and reduce atherosclerosis in insulin-resistant patients and animal models. Human genetic studies on PPAR-gamma have revealed that functional changes in this nuclear receptor are associated with CVD. Recent controversial clinical studies raise the question of deleterious action of PPAR-gamma agonists on the cardiovascular system. These complex interactions of metabolic responsive factors and cardiovascular disease promise to be important areas of focus for the future.
过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ（PPAR-γ）是脂肪生成、脂质代谢、胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖稳态的重要转录介质，它越来越被认为是炎症细胞和心血管疾病（CVD）如高血压、心肌肥厚、充血性心力衰竭和动脉粥样硬化的关键因素。PPAR-γ激动剂，即噻唑烷二酮类（TZDs），可增加胰岛素敏感性、降低血糖、减少循环游离脂肪酸和甘油三酯、降低血压、降低炎症标志物，并减少胰岛素抵抗患者和动物模型的动脉粥样硬化。对 PPAR-γ的人类遗传研究表明，该核受体的功能变化与 CVD 有关。最近有争议的临床研究提出了 PPAR-γ 激动剂对心血管系统产生有害作用的问题。这些代谢反应因素与心血管疾病的复杂相互作用有望成为未来的重点关注领域。
