Fernández-Martínez Manuel, Castro Jessica, Molano Ana, Zarranz Juan José, Rodrigo Rosa Monica, Ortega Rafael
Neurological Department, Hospital de Cruces, Plaza de Cruces s/n, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain.
Curr Alzheimer Res. 2008 Feb;5(1):61-9. doi: 10.2174/156720508783884585.
The study aimed to describe the prevalence and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD).
We prospectively studied 65 patients with dementia, 37 met the criteria of NINCDS-ADRDA for probable AD and 28 the clinical and radiological criteria of NINDS-AIREN for VaD. Among VaD patients, 22 met the radiological criteria for subcortical VaD. The Minimental State Examination (MMSE) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were used to evaluate cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms. All patients underwent a neuroimaging study (CT scan and/or MRI). Patients were not treated with antidementia or psychotropic drugs.
Age, gender, educational level and MMSE scores did not differ between patients (p >0.05). The total prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms was similar in both groups (AD 94.6% vs. VaD 96.4%, p= 0.727). Sleep disturbances (35.1% v 3.6%, p =0.002) and appetite changes (37.8% v 14.3%, p = 0.032) were more prevalent in AD patients than in VaD patients who met the NINDS-AIREN criteria. Sleep disturbances (35.1% v 4.5%, p =0.008), appetite changes (37.8% v 13.6%, p = 0.047) and aberrant motor behaviour (24.3% v 0%, p =0.012) were more prevalent in AD patients than in subcortical VaD. The total scores for sleep disturbance, appetite changes and aberrant motor behavioural were higher in AD patients (p < 0.05).
There were no significant differences between AD and VaD patients, except that sleep disturbances, appetite changes and aberrant motor behaviour that were more prevalent and severe in AD.
本研究旨在描述阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VaD）患者神经精神症状的患病率及严重程度。
我们对65例痴呆患者进行了前瞻性研究，其中37例符合NINCDS-ADRDA标准的可能AD患者，28例符合NINDS-AIREN临床和影像学标准的VaD患者。在VaD患者中，22例符合皮质下VaD的影像学标准。采用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）和神经精神科问卷（NPI）评估认知和神经精神症状。所有患者均接受了神经影像学检查（CT扫描和/或MRI）。患者未接受抗痴呆或精神药物治疗。
两组患者的年龄、性别、教育水平和MMSE评分无差异（p>0.05）。两组神经精神症状的总患病率相似（AD为94.6%，VaD为96.4%，p = 0.727）。AD患者的睡眠障碍（35.1%对3.6%，p = 0.002）和食欲改变（37.8%对14.3%，p = 0.032）比符合NINDS-AIREN标准的VaD患者更常见。AD患者的睡眠障碍（35.1%对4.5%，p = 0.008）、食欲改变（37.8%对13.6%，p = 0.047）和异常运动行为（24.3%对0%，p = 0.012）比皮质下VaD患者更常见。AD患者睡眠障碍、食欲改变和异常运动行为的总分更高（p < 0.05）。
AD和VaD患者之间无显著差异，只是AD患者的睡眠障碍、食欲改变和异常运动行为更常见且更严重。
