Huang Cheng, Wang Xiao-Lei, Zhang Li, Shen Wei
Chengdu Children's Hospital, Chengdu 610017, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Feb;10(1):17-20.
To investigate the distribution and the changes of drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria in children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) of Chengdu.
Sputum specimens for bacterial cultures were collected from children with LRTL who had been admitted to the Chengdu Children's Hospital between 2001 and 2006. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed after bacteria had been identified. The results between 2001 and 2003 were compared with those between 2004 and 2006.
Hemophilus (24.3%) was the most common pathogenic bacteria for LRTI in children between 2001 and 2003, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (18.8%), Escherichia coli (18.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.0%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (6.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.4%) and other non-zymocyte (4.4%). Escherichia coli (23.7%) was the most common pathogenic bacteria in children with LRTL between 2004 and 2006, followed by Hemophilus (19.8%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (17.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (7.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.0%) and other non-zymocyte (3.2%). Compared with the years of 2001-2003, the rate of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics between 2004 and 2006 increased: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 18.0% vs 8.8%, Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci 70.5% vs 18.1%, Extended-spetrum beta-lactamase stains 44.4% vs 22.6%, and beta-lactamase production stains of Hemophilus influenzae 40.2% vs 20.1%.
The distribution of common pathogenic bacteria of children with LRTL has changed and the rate of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics is increasing in recent three years in Chengdu.
探讨成都地区儿童下呼吸道感染（LRTI）常见病原菌的分布及耐药性变化。
收集2001年至2006年期间入住成都市儿童医院的LRTI患儿的痰标本进行细菌培养。细菌鉴定后进行药敏试验。比较2001年至2003年与2004年至2006年的结果。
2001年至2003年期间，嗜血杆菌（24.3%）是儿童LRTI最常见的病原菌，其次是肺炎链球菌（18.8%）、大肠埃希菌（18.2%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（11.3%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（10.0%）、表皮葡萄球菌（6.5%）、铜绿假单胞菌（6.4%）和其他非发酵菌（4.4%）。2004年至2006年期间，大肠埃希菌（23.7%）是LRTI患儿最常见的病原菌，其次是嗜血杆菌（19.8%）、肺炎链球菌（17.9%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（13.2%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（10.3%）、表皮葡萄球菌（7.8%）、铜绿假单胞菌（4.0%）和其他非发酵菌（3.2%）。与2001 - 2003年相比，2004年至2006年病原菌对抗生素的耐药率有所上升：耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌为18.0%对8.8%，耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为70.5%对18.1%，产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株为44.4%对22.6%，流感嗜血杆菌产β-内酰胺酶菌株为40.2%对20.1%。
成都地区近三年LRTI患儿常见病原菌分布发生变化，病原菌对抗生素的耐药率呈上升趋势。
