Chen Hui, Zhang Guo-An
Burns Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China.
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2007 Jul 1;45(13):898-901.
To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacterium and find the proper measures of infection control.
Six hundred and eighty-two pathogenic bacteria strains were isolated and cultured from samples collected from January 2003 to December 2005. The pathogenic bacterium distribution and antibiotic resistance were analyzed.
The detection rate of gram-negative bacteria was higher than gram-positive ones. The gram-positive bacteria accounted for 292 strains (42.8%), in which the detection rate of staphylococcus aureus is highest (16.7% of total) and the detection rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus accounted for 82.5% in staphylococcus aureus strains. Among 372 gram-negative bacteria strains (54.5%), the detection rate of bacillus aeruginosa, escherichia coli, baumannii and enterobacter cloacae were 12.5%, 11.1%, 9.1% and 8.2% respectively; extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) were detected in 45 (60.8%) escherichia coli and 9 (42.9%) klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Eighteen strains of fungus were found, and it decreased in last 2 years. The detection rate of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and the antibiotic resistant strains kept increasing in the 3 years.
Drug resistance of pathogenic bacterium is very serious in burns department. The irrational use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the antibiotic detection of pathogenic bacterium are all contributed to the drug resistance. It is important to enhance the asepsis, prevent hospital infection, detect the pathogenic bacteria and use antibiotics rationally in burns department.
研究病原菌的分布及耐药情况，寻找合适的感染控制措施。
对2003年1月至2005年12月采集的样本分离培养682株病原菌，分析病原菌分布及抗生素耐药情况。
革兰阴性菌检出率高于革兰阳性菌。革兰阳性菌共292株（42.8%），其中金黄色葡萄球菌检出率最高（占总数的16.7%），耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌在金黄色葡萄球菌菌株中占82.5%。372株革兰阴性菌（54.5%）中，铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和阴沟肠杆菌的检出率分别为12.5%、11.1%、9.1%和8.2%；45株（60.8%）大肠埃希菌和9株（42.9%）肺炎克雷伯菌检测到超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）。发现18株真菌，且近2年呈下降趋势。3年中机会致病菌及耐药菌株检出率持续上升。
烧伤科病原菌耐药情况严重。广谱抗生素的不合理使用及病原菌的耐药监测均导致了耐药。加强烧伤科无菌操作、预防医院感染、监测病原菌及合理使用抗生素很重要。
