Martinotti G, Cloninger C R, Janiri L
Department of Psychiatry, Drug Addiction Unit, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2008;34(2):177-83. doi: 10.1080/00952990701877078.
In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between anhedonia, craving and temperament and character dimensions in a sample of 50 patients with alcohol and opiate dependence recruited after a period of detoxification. The following scales were applied: Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) for craving, and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). The temperament dimension of Novelty Seeking was positively correlated to craving and anhedonia (p < .01), with a higher score of Novelty Seeking in the subsample of anhedonic subjects with respect to both non-anhedonic and control subjects. In our study, the possibility that difficulty in experiencing pleasure in psychiatric disorders can lead to the use of psychoactive substances in an attempt to decrease anhedonia, is extended to subjects without psychiatric disorders who may try substances to counterbalance a tonic state of anhedonia.
在本研究中，我们旨在调查50名酒精和阿片类药物依赖患者样本中快感缺乏、渴望与气质和性格维度之间的关系，这些患者是在一段排毒期后招募的。应用了以下量表：斯奈斯 - 汉密尔顿愉悦量表（SHAPS）、贝克 - 拉法尔森抑郁量表（BRMS）、阴性症状评估量表（SANS）、用于测量渴望的视觉模拟量表（VAS）以及气质和性格量表（TCI）。寻求新奇的气质维度与渴望和快感缺乏呈正相关（p < .01），在快感缺乏的受试者子样本中，寻求新奇的得分高于非快感缺乏受试者和对照受试者。在我们的研究中，精神疾病中体验愉悦困难可能导致使用精神活性物质以试图减轻快感缺乏的可能性，扩展到了可能尝试物质以平衡快感缺乏的紧张状态的无精神疾病受试者。
