Bosch Jaime, Abraldes Juan G, Berzigotti Annalisa, Garcia-Pagan Juan Carlos
Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Semin Liver Dis. 2008 Feb;28(1):3-25. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1040318.
Variceal bleeding is one of the most serious complications of portal hypertension. The driving force for the development of varices is an increase in portal pressure. As portal hypertension progresses, varices dilate until they finally rupture and bleed. This sequence of events might be prevented by achieving a sufficient decrease in portal pressure or by acting locally at the varices with endoscopic treatments. This article reviews the rationale for the management of portal hypertension and the current recommendations for the prevention and treatment of variceal bleeding.
静脉曲张破裂出血是门静脉高压最严重的并发症之一。静脉曲张形成的驱动力是门静脉压力升高。随着门静脉高压的进展，静脉曲张会扩张，直至最终破裂出血。通过充分降低门静脉压力或采用内镜治疗在局部作用于静脉曲张，可能会阻止这一系列事件的发生。本文综述了门静脉高压管理的理论依据以及目前预防和治疗静脉曲张破裂出血的建议。
