Litzba Nadine, Schuffenecker Isabelle, Zeller Hervé, Drosten Christian, Emmerich Petra, Charrel Remi, Kreher Petra, Niedrig Matthias
Centre for Biological Safety (ZBS-1), Robert Koch-Institut, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
J Virol Methods. 2008 Apr;149(1):175-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.01.004. Epub 2008 Feb 21.
The chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus of the genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae, is mainly transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. It causes an acute infection, characterized by high fever, polyarthralgia and rash and was responsible for a major outbreak which started in 2005 and spread over many islands of the south western Indian Ocean before it hit the Indian subcontinent. As nucleic acid amplification can be used only during the viremic period, serological tests are most widely used for the diagnosis of CHIKV infections. CHIKV IgM and IgG antibodies can be detected as soon as 3-6 days after clinical onset, respectively. Presently only in-house ELISA and immunofluorescence tests exist for analysing the CHIKV specific immune response. The first commercial indirect immunofluorescence test (IIFT) (EUROIMMUN AG, Lüebeck, Germany) was evaluated using two sera panels of patients from La Reunion and travellers returning with CHIKV infections from the Indian Ocean region. The IgM IIFT shows a specificity of 98.3% and a sensitivity of 96.9%. The specificity and sensitivity for the IgG IIFT are 100.0% and 95.4%, respectively. This commercial IIFT is a valuable tool for the diagnosis of CHIKV infections and antibody seroprevalence studies.
基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）是披膜病毒科甲病毒属的一种虫媒病毒，主要通过伊蚊传播。它会引发急性感染，症状为高烧、多关节痛和皮疹，曾导致一场大规模疫情，该疫情始于2005年，在侵袭印度次大陆之前，已蔓延至印度洋西南部的许多岛屿。由于核酸扩增仅能在病毒血症期使用，血清学检测是诊断基孔肯雅病毒感染最广泛使用的方法。临床发病后3 - 6天即可分别检测到基孔肯雅病毒IgM和IgG抗体。目前，仅存在用于分析基孔肯雅病毒特异性免疫反应的内部酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和免疫荧光检测。使用来自留尼汪岛的两组患者血清以及从印度洋地区感染基孔肯雅病毒归来的旅行者血清，对首个商业间接免疫荧光检测（IIFT）（德国吕贝克欧蒙医学诊断有限公司）进行了评估。IgM IIFT的特异性为98.3%，灵敏度为96.9%。IgG IIFT的特异性和灵敏度分别为100.0%和95.4%。这种商业IIFT是诊断基孔肯雅病毒感染和抗体血清流行率研究的宝贵工具。
