Mamah Daniel, Harms Michael P, Wang Lei, Barch Deanna, Thompson Paul, Kim Jaeyun, Miller Michael I, Csernansky John G
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Jul 15;64(2):111-20. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.01.004. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
Abnormalities of basal ganglia structure in schizophrenia have been attributed to the effects of antipsychotic drugs. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that abnormalities of basal ganglia structure are intrinsic features of schizophrenia by assessing basal ganglia volume and shape in the unaffected siblings of schizophrenia subjects.
The study involved 25 pairs of schizophrenia subjects and their unaffected siblings and 40 pairs of healthy control subjects and their siblings. Large-deformation, high-dimensional brain mapping was used to obtain surface representations of the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus. Surfaces were derived from transformations of anatomic templates, and shapes were analyzed using reduced-dimensional measures of surface variability (i.e., principal components and canonical analysis). Canonical functions were derived using schizophrenia and control groups and were then used to compare shapes in the sibling groups. To visualize shape differences, maps of the estimated surface displacement between groups were created.
In the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus, the degree of shape abnormality observed in the siblings of the schizophrenia subjects was intermediate between the schizophrenia and control subjects. In the schizophrenia subjects, significant correlations were observed between measures of caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus structure and the selected measures of lifetime psychopathology.
Attenuated abnormalities of basal ganglia structure are present in the unaffected siblings of schizophrenia subjects. This finding implies that basal ganglia structural abnormalities observed in subjects with schizophrenia are at least in part an intrinsic feature of the illness.
精神分裂症患者基底神经节结构异常一直被归因于抗精神病药物的作用。我们的目的是通过评估精神分裂症患者未患病的同胞的基底神经节体积和形状,来检验基底神经节结构异常是精神分裂症内在特征这一假设。
该研究纳入了25对精神分裂症患者及其未患病的同胞,以及40对健康对照者及其同胞。使用大变形、高维脑图谱来获取尾状核、壳核和苍白球的表面表征。表面是从解剖模板的变换中得出的,并且使用表面变异性的降维测量方法(即主成分分析和典型分析)来分析形状。典型函数是使用精神分裂症组和对照组得出的,然后用于比较同胞组中的形状。为了可视化形状差异,创建了组间估计表面位移的图谱。
在尾状核、壳核和苍白球中,精神分裂症患者的同胞中观察到的形状异常程度介于精神分裂症患者和对照者之间。在精神分裂症患者中,观察到尾状核、壳核和苍白球结构测量值与选定的终生精神病理学测量值之间存在显著相关性。
精神分裂症患者未患病的同胞存在基底神经节结构异常减轻的情况。这一发现意味着在精神分裂症患者中观察到的基底神经节结构异常至少部分是该疾病的内在特征。