Yeshurun Yaffa, Kimchi Ruth, Sha'shoua Guy, Carmel Tomer
Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Israel.
Vision Res. 2009 Jun;49(10):1329-35. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2008.01.014. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
A recent study has demonstrated that the mere organization of some elements in the visual field into an object attracts attention automatically [Kimchi, R., Yeshurun, Y., & Cohen-Savransky, A. (2007). Automatic, stimulus-driven attentional capture by objecthood. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(1), 166-172]. We tested whether similar results will emerge when the target is not a part of the object and with simplified task demands. A matrix of 16 black L elements in various orientations preceded the presentation of a Vernier target. The target was either added to the matrix (Experiment 1), or appeared after its offset (Experiment 2). On some trials four elements formed a square-like object, and on some of these trials the target appeared in the center of the object. No featural uniqueness or abrupt onset was associated with the object and it did not predict the target location or the direction of the target's horizontal offset. Performance was better when the target appeared in the center of the object than in a different location than the object, even when the target appeared after the matrix offset. These findings support the hypothesis that a perceptual object captures attention (Kimchi et al., 2007), and demonstrate that this automatic deployment of attention to the object is robust and involves a spatial component.
最近的一项研究表明，仅仅将视野中的某些元素组织成一个物体就会自动吸引注意力[Kimchi, R., Yeshurun, Y., & Cohen-Savransky, A. (2007). 由物体性引发的自动、刺激驱动的注意捕获。《心理onomic通报与评论》，14(1)，166 - 172]。我们测试了当目标不是物体的一部分且任务要求简化时是否会出现类似的结果。在呈现游标目标之前，会出现一个由16个不同方向的黑色L元素组成的矩阵。目标要么添加到矩阵中（实验1），要么在矩阵消失后出现（实验2）。在一些试验中，四个元素形成一个类似正方形的物体，并且在其中一些试验中目标出现在物体的中心。物体没有任何特征独特性或突然出现的情况，它也不能预测目标位置或目标水平偏移的方向。即使目标在矩阵消失后出现，当目标出现在物体中心时的表现也比出现在与物体不同的位置时更好。这些发现支持了感知物体捕获注意力的假设（Kimchi等人，2007），并表明这种对物体的注意力自动部署是强大的，且涉及一个空间成分。
