Hamburger Merle E, Leeb Rebecca T, Swahn Monica H
Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, Mail Stop F-64, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2008 Mar;69(2):291-5. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2008.69.291.
Child maltreatment (CM) is prevalent among U.S. youth and has been associated with subsequent maladaptive behaviors, including substance use. The current study examines the associations between early child maltreatment and (1) preteen alcohol-use initiation and (2) heavy episodic drinking among students in a large study of adolescents.
The Youth Violence Survey is a cross-sectional survey of public school students enrolled in Grades 7,9, 11, and 12 in a school district in a high-risk community. The analysis sample was limited to students who provided complete data on all relevant variables (N= 3,559). Fifty-two percent of the analysis sample was female. Early child maltreatment was defined as witnessing domestic violence and experiencing physical and/or sexual abuse before the age of 10 years. Outcome variables include ever drinking alcohol, preteen alcohol-use initiation, and heavy episodic drinking.
Witnessing domestic violence, experiencing physical abuse, and experiencing sexual abuse were significantly associated with preteen alcohol-use initiation (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26-1.91; AOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.69-2.63; AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.16-2.14, respectively). Students who experienced one or more types of maltreatment were 1.5-3 times more likely to report preteen alcohol-use initiation. Heavy episodic drinking was associated only with childhood sexual abuse in boys (AOR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.52-4.50).
Prevention and treatment of the negative impact of early child maltreatment may delay and reduce alcohol use.
儿童虐待（CM）在美国青少年中很普遍，并且与随后的适应不良行为有关，包括物质使用。本研究在一项针对青少年的大型研究中，考察了儿童早期虐待与（1）青春期前饮酒开始以及（2）学生中的重度饮酒之间的关联。
青少年暴力调查是对一个高风险社区学区中7、9、11和12年级公立学校学生进行的横断面调查。分析样本仅限于提供了所有相关变量完整数据的学生（N = 3559）。分析样本中52%为女性。儿童早期虐待被定义为在10岁之前目睹家庭暴力以及经历身体和/或性虐待。结果变量包括曾经饮酒、青春期前饮酒开始以及重度饮酒。
目睹家庭暴力、经历身体虐待和经历性虐待与青春期前饮酒开始显著相关（调整后的优势比[AOR] = 1.55，95%置信区间[CI]：1.26 - 1.91；AOR = 2.10，95% CI：1.69 - 2.63；AOR = 1.57，95% CI：1.16 - 2.14）。经历过一种或多种虐待类型的学生报告青春期前饮酒开始的可能性高出1.5至3倍。重度饮酒仅与男孩童年期性虐待有关（AOR = 2.62，95% CI：1.52 - 4.50）。
预防和治疗儿童早期虐待的负面影响可能会延迟和减少酒精使用。
