Wördemann Meike, Diaz Raquel Junco, Heredia Lenina Menocal, Collado Madurga Ana Maria, Ruiz Espinosa Aniran, Prado Raul Cordovi, Millan Irai Atencio, Escobedo Angel, Rojas Rivero Lazara, Gryseels Bruno, Gorbea Mariano Bonet, Polman Katja
Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Trop Med Int Health. 2008 Feb;13(2):180-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01988.x.
To examine the relationship of past and current intestinal helminth infections with asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis and atopy.
Cross-sectional study of 1320 children aged 4-14 years from two Cuban municipalities. Helminth infections were determined by stool examination and parental questionnaire. Asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis were diagnosed by International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire, asthma additionally by spirometry, atopy by skin prick testing.
Questionnaire-based frequencies were 21% for asthma, 14% for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and 8% for atopic dermatitis. According to spirometry, 4% had asthma; 20% had a positive skin prick test. A history of infection for Enterobius vermicularis was associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis (OR 1.88, P = 0.001) and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 1.34, P = 0.046), and hookworm with increased risk of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 2.77, P = 0.021). A positive stool examination for Ascaris lumbricoides infection was negatively associated with atopic dermatitis (OR 0.22, P = 0.007). Asthma and atopy were unrelated to helminth infections.
Current A. lumbricoides infection protects against atopic dermatitis in Cuban children, while past infection with E. vermicularis and hookworm are risk factors for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or atopic dermatitis. Apparently, interactions differ depending on the type of helminth and atopic disease and on the time of helminth infestation.
研究过去和当前肠道蠕虫感染与哮喘、变应性鼻结膜炎、特应性皮炎和特应性之间的关系。
对来自古巴两个城市的1320名4至14岁儿童进行横断面研究。通过粪便检查和家长问卷确定蠕虫感染情况。哮喘、鼻结膜炎和特应性皮炎通过儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究问卷进行诊断，哮喘还通过肺功能测定进行诊断，特应性通过皮肤点刺试验进行诊断。
基于问卷的哮喘发病率为21%，变应性鼻结膜炎为14%，特应性皮炎为8%。根据肺功能测定，4%的儿童患有哮喘；20%的儿童皮肤点刺试验呈阳性。蛲虫感染史与特应性皮炎风险增加相关（比值比1.88，P = 0.001）和变应性鼻结膜炎风险增加相关（比值比1.34，P = 0.046），钩虫感染与变应性鼻结膜炎风险增加相关（比值比2.77，P = 0.021）。粪类圆线虫感染粪便检查阳性与特应性皮炎呈负相关（比值比0.22，P = 0.007）。哮喘和特应性与蠕虫感染无关。
当前粪类圆线虫感染可预防古巴儿童患特应性皮炎，而过去感染蛲虫和钩虫是变应性鼻结膜炎和/或特应性皮炎的危险因素。显然，相互作用因蠕虫类型、特应性疾病以及蠕虫感染时间的不同而有所差异。
