Green Margaret A, Hawranik Pamela G
Faculty of Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2008 Oct;45(10):1543-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.12.004. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
Healthcare facilities from a number of countries have or are in the process of implementing smoke-free policies as part of their public health agenda and tobacco control strategy. Their main intent is to prevent the harmful effects of environmental tobacco smoke on employees and patients. However, these protection policies are often implemented before taking into account the specific needs of patients in psychiatric facilities and are clouded by a lack of knowledge, myths and misconceptions held by a variety of stakeholders. Consequently, the implementation of smoke-free policies tends to result in unintended and unfavourable consequences for this aggregate. Patients are forced to abstain from tobacco use during their hospitalization but have few options to address their dependence upon discharge. The development and implementation of such policies should not occur in isolation. It requires thoughtful consideration of the needs of the affected population. Recommendations are presented on the role of nurses in lobbying for policy changes. As well as strategies for policy makers and administrators that should accompany such a policy in psychiatry.
许多国家的医疗保健机构已经或正在实施无烟政策，作为其公共卫生议程和烟草控制战略的一部分。其主要目的是防止环境烟草烟雾对员工和患者产生有害影响。然而，这些保护政策在实施前往往没有考虑到精神科设施中患者的特殊需求，并且受到各种利益相关者缺乏相关知识、存在误解和错误观念的影响。因此，无烟政策的实施往往会给这一群体带来意想不到的不利后果。患者在住院期间被迫戒烟，但出院后解决烟瘾的选择却很少。此类政策的制定和实施不应孤立进行。它需要对受影响人群的需求进行深思熟虑。文中提出了护士在游说政策变革方面的作用建议。以及精神科此类政策应配套的政策制定者和管理人员策略。
