Hauf Petra, Prior Helmut, Sarris Viktor
Institute of Psychology, J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Behav Processes. 2008 May;78(1):93-9. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2008.01.005. Epub 2008 Jan 17.
Perceptual relativity has become a central issue in animal psychophysics. In order to assess how the interplay of training experience and stimulus dimension might affect perceptual relativity, we investigated the role of 'absolute' and 'relative' training on the learning and representation of stimuli from two dimensions that might favor absolute or relative encoding to a different degree. Young chicks learned to discriminate 3D-objects by either color or size. During 'absolute' training always the choice of the same stimulus of a simultaneously presented pair was reinforced, while choice of the larger (smaller) or greener (bluer) stimulus was reinforced during 'relative' training. Overall, discrimination learning was faster with relative training, but size learning profited more from 'relative' training than color learning. Post-training generalization tests revealed a combined effect of training experience and stimulus dimension: a higher amount of absolute encoding occurred with absolute training and color learning, while relative choices prevailed with relative training and size learning.
知觉相对性已成为动物心理物理学中的一个核心问题。为了评估训练经验与刺激维度之间的相互作用如何影响知觉相对性，我们研究了“绝对”训练和“相对”训练在学习和表征来自两个维度的刺激中的作用，这两个维度可能在不同程度上有利于绝对编码或相对编码。幼雏学会通过颜色或大小来辨别三维物体。在“绝对”训练中，总是强化对同时呈现的一对刺激中相同刺激的选择，而在“相对”训练中，强化对较大（较小）或较绿（较蓝）刺激的选择。总体而言，相对训练的辨别学习速度更快，但大小学习比颜色学习从“相对”训练中获益更多。训练后的泛化测试揭示了训练经验和刺激维度的综合效应：绝对训练和颜色学习时出现更高程度的绝对编码，而相对训练和大小学习时相对选择占主导。
