Hachicha Salma, Sallemi Fatma, Medhioub Khaled, Hachicha Ridha, Ammar Emna
UR Etude et Gestion des Environnements Urbains et Côtiers, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), B.P. , 3038 Sfax, Tunisie.
Waste Manag. 2008 Dec;28(12):2593-603. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.12.007. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
The co-composting of solid residue from olive oil production process, exhausted olive cake (EOC), with poultry manure (PM) watered with olive mill wastewater (OMW) was considered as an efficient method for the treatment of olive oil extraction effluent having high organic content including phenolic polluting compounds. The process was carried out by using three aerated windrows of variable compositions. OMW was used continuously during the bio-oxidative period, which lasted three months, to replace water for windrow moistening. The main process parameters (temperature, pH, humidity and C/N) were monitored over four months to ascertain the maturity of the compost. The composting process lasted four months during which 26 moistenings of the mixtures were performed with OMW or water to keep moisture within the ideal range of 45-60% (w/w). At the maturity stage, the C/N ratios were less than 16, pH of the resulting products were slightly alkaline (pH=8) and electrical conductivity was relatively high in the OMW mixtures (5.46-5.48 Sm(-1)) when compared with water application. Nitrates increased (0.16-0.42%) and phenol contents were reduced by more than 49%. Mature composts were then used as an amendment for potato production in a field where no inhibitory effect was observed. Potato productivity increased 10-23% as a result of compost application. No noticeable negative impact of OMW on the soil system was observed. Phenolic compound concentrations in the stabilised composts were comparable in the three studied mixtures (different sites) and averaged 0.24%. Considering previous results and this three year study, it has been observed that the benefit of these composts demonstrated the potential sustainable agronomic production of potato while using locally available recycled organic materials.
橄榄油生产过程中的固体残渣——废橄榄渣（EOC）与用橄榄油厂废水（OMW）浇灌的家禽粪便（PM）共同堆肥，被认为是处理含有酚类污染化合物等高有机含量的橄榄油提取废水的有效方法。该过程通过使用三个成分不同的曝气堆进行。在持续三个月的生物氧化期内持续使用OMW，以替代用于堆肥保湿的水。在四个月内监测主要工艺参数（温度、pH值、湿度和碳氮比），以确定堆肥的成熟度。堆肥过程持续了四个月，在此期间用OMW或水对混合物进行了26次保湿，以使湿度保持在45 - 60%（w/w）的理想范围内。在成熟阶段，碳氮比小于16，所得产品的pH值呈微碱性（pH = 8），与用水相比，OMW混合物中的电导率相对较高（5.46 - 5.48 S·m⁻¹）。硝酸盐含量增加（0.16 - 0.42%），酚含量降低超过49%。然后将成熟的堆肥用作马铃薯生产的改良剂，在田间未观察到抑制作用。由于施用堆肥，马铃薯产量提高了10 - 23%。未观察到OMW对土壤系统有明显的负面影响。在三个研究的混合物（不同地点）中，稳定堆肥中的酚类化合物浓度相当，平均为0.24%。考虑到先前的结果和这项为期三年的研究，已观察到这些堆肥的益处表明，在使用当地可回收有机材料的同时，可以实现马铃薯潜在的可持续农艺生产。
