Roach Michelle, Christie Jennifer A
Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Geriatrics. 2008 Feb;63(2):13-22.
Fecal incontinence (FI), the involuntary loss of formed stool, can a social and as well as hygiene problem and is often devastating for patients and their caretakers. Current data, which are probably underestimated, indicate that the occurrence is remarkably high. The etiology of FI is multifactorial; risk factors including advancing age, previous obstetric trauma, diabetes, fecal impaction, stroke, and dementia. The management of FI in the elderly depends on etiologic factors. However, there are many treatment options for sufferers of FI including bulking agents, antidiarrheals, anticholinergics, biofeedback, surgery for sphincter defects, and sphincter bulking devices. The appropriate treatment can be guided by a thorough workup of these patients and result in a significant improvement in quality of life.
大便失禁（FI）是指成形粪便的不自主排出，它既是一个社会问题，也是一个卫生问题，对患者及其照料者来说往往是灾难性的。目前的数据可能被低估了，显示其发生率相当高。FI的病因是多因素的；风险因素包括年龄增长、既往产科创伤、糖尿病、粪便嵌塞、中风和痴呆。老年人FI的管理取决于病因。然而，FI患者有许多治疗选择，包括容积性泻药、止泻药、抗胆碱能药物、生物反馈疗法、括约肌缺陷手术以及括约肌扩容装置。对这些患者进行全面检查可以指导选择合适的治疗方法，并显著改善生活质量。
