New ideas and improved instrumentation for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

A new cholangiograsper cannula was developed through which a Fr 4 or 5 ureteric cannula can be advanced into the incised cystic duct and held in a water-tight position. This instrument facilitates intraoperative cholangiography. A plastic trocar stylet eliminates the metal shadow of the trocar during cholangiography. A new "laparocamera" is described where camera and telescope are built together in one unit decreasing the need for additional manipulation during the procedure. A camera holder driven by air helps the operator to keep his/her hands free. The need for a third assistant is avoided by inserting the camera into a (presterilized) holder, the position of which is controlled by press buttons.