Garrison M W, Baker D E
College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane 99204.
DICP. 1991 Jun;25(6):617-27. doi: 10.1177/106002809102500611.
Viral hepatitis is second to gonorrhea as the most commonly reported infectious disease in the US. Hepatitis B accounts for the majority of viral hepatitis cases. Fortunately, the disease is self-limiting and frequently resolves completely with minimal complications; however, a significant number of individuals may experience long-term sequelae. Research utilizing genetic engineering has led to the development of yeast-derived recombinant DNA (YDR) hepatitis vaccines--a significant advancement in the control and prevention of hepatitis B. The recombinant process allows production of unlimited quantities of vaccine at considerably lower cost and without the potential threat of blood-borne illness. Clinical trials in various high-risk populations have demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of YDR vaccines. However, questions regarding optimal regimen and the need for periodic revaccination remain unanswered. Persons at risk should be adequately vaccinated against hepatitis B.
在美国，病毒性肝炎是仅次于淋病的第二大最常报告的传染病。乙型肝炎占病毒性肝炎病例的大多数。幸运的是，这种疾病具有自限性，通常能完全康复且并发症极少；然而，相当一部分人可能会经历长期后遗症。利用基因工程进行的研究已促成了酵母衍生重组DNA（YDR）肝炎疫苗的开发——这是在乙型肝炎控制和预防方面的一项重大进展。重组过程使得能够以相当低的成本生产无限量的疫苗，且不存在血源性疾病的潜在威胁。在各种高危人群中进行的临床试验已证明YDR疫苗的有效性和安全性。然而，关于最佳接种方案以及定期重新接种必要性的问题仍未得到解答。高危人群应接种足够剂量的乙型肝炎疫苗。
