Balagopal Padmini, Kamalamma N, Patel Thakor G, Misra Ranjita
Gandhigram Rural Institute, Tamilnadu, India.
Diabetes Care. 2008 Jun;31(6):1097-104. doi: 10.2337/dc07-1680. Epub 2008 Mar 3.
In this study we evaluated a 7-month community-based nonpharmacological lifestyle intervention to prevent/reduce the risk of developing diabetes and its complications in a resource-poor village in Tamilnadu, India.
A total of 703 village inhabitants, comprising adults and youth aged 10-92 years, were provided educational intervention using "trained trainers." Culturally and linguistically appropriate health education messages addressed diet, physical activity, and knowledge improvement. The prevalence of diabetes and the effectiveness of the intervention were assessed using select parameters.
The crude prevalences of diabetes and pre-diabetes among adults were 5.1 and 13.5%, respectively, while the prevalence of pre-diabetes in youth aged 10-17 years was 5.1%. Intervention reduced fasting blood glucose levels of pre-diabetic adults by 11%, pre-diabetic youth by 17%, and type 2 diabetic adults by 25%. Improvements in obesity parameters and dietary intake also occurred. A stepwise worsening of parameters progressing from the normoglycemic state to the impaired levels of pre-diabetes and diabetes was observed.
This study has charted the increasing prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in rural India. Educational intervention was successful in reducing some of the obesity parameters and improving dietary patterns of individuals with pre-diabetes and diabetes.
在本研究中，我们评估了一项为期7个月的基于社区的非药物生活方式干预措施，以预防/降低印度泰米尔纳德邦一个资源匮乏村庄患糖尿病及其并发症的风险。
共有703名年龄在10 - 92岁的村庄居民（包括成年人和青少年）接受了由“培训过的培训师”提供的教育干预。采用了在文化和语言上合适的健康教育信息，内容涉及饮食、体育活动和知识提升。使用选定的参数评估糖尿病的患病率和干预措施的有效性。
成年人中糖尿病和糖尿病前期的粗患病率分别为5.1%和13.5%，而10 - 17岁青少年中糖尿病前期的患病率为5.1%。干预使糖尿病前期成年人的空腹血糖水平降低了11%，糖尿病前期青少年降低了17%，2型糖尿病成年人降低了25%。肥胖参数和饮食摄入量也有所改善。观察到从正常血糖状态到糖尿病前期和糖尿病受损水平的参数逐步恶化。
本研究记录了印度农村地区糖尿病和糖尿病前期患病率的上升情况。教育干预成功降低了一些肥胖参数，并改善了糖尿病前期和糖尿病患者的饮食模式。
