Academic and Clinical Specialist, Department of Child Life, Hospital for Sick Children and Therapeutic Clown, Therapeutic Clown Services, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2008 Mar;5(1):17-25. doi: 10.1093/ecam/nem033.
In the last decade, there has been a rapid growth in the presence of clowns in hospitals, particularly in pediatric settings. The proliferation of clowns in health care settings has resulted in varying levels of professionalism and accountability. For this reason, there is a need to examine various forms of clowning, in particular therapeutic clowning in pediatric settings. The purpose of this article is to address what therapeutic clowning is and to describe the extent to which it can provide a complementary form of health care. In an attempt to apply theory to practice, the article will draw upon the experiences of a therapeutic clown within a pediatric setting while providing a historical and theoretical account of how clowns came to be in hospitals. Toward this end, a proposed model of therapeutic clowning will be offered which can be adapted for a variety of settings where children require specialized forms of play in order to enhance their coping, development and adjustment to life changes. Finally, current research on clowning in children's hospitals will be reviewed including a summary of findings from surveys administered at the Hospital for Sick Children.
在过去的十年中，医院中小丑的数量迅速增加，尤其是在儿科环境中。小丑在医疗保健环境中的泛滥导致了不同程度的专业性和责任性。出于这个原因，有必要检查各种形式的小丑表演，特别是在儿科环境中的治疗性小丑表演。本文的目的是探讨治疗性小丑表演是什么，并描述它在多大程度上可以提供一种补充性的医疗保健形式。为了将理论应用于实践，本文将借鉴一名治疗性小丑在儿科环境中的经验，同时描述小丑是如何来到医院的历史和理论背景。为此，本文将提供一个治疗性小丑表演的模型，该模型可以适应各种需要特殊形式的游戏来增强儿童应对、发展和适应生活变化的环境。最后，将回顾儿童医院小丑表演的当前研究，包括在 SickKids 医院进行的调查结果总结。
